初创科技型企业成长影响因素及路径研究

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.09.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 初创科技型企业是技术创新的生力军，也是实现创新驱动发展、高质量发展的重要推动力量，但其高死亡率、短寿命的问题不容忽视，其成长机制仍是黑箱。为进一步探索初创科技型企业成长的影响因素及路径，本研究结合我国国情和科技创业的特点，对创业过程模型进行了拓展调试，提出了具有中国特色的初创科技型企业成长EEOR分析模型，并使用模糊集定性比较分析方法（fsQCA），对A市初创科技型企业案例进行组态分析。本研究旨在丰富和完善初创科技型企业成长的理论体系，为我国科技创业扶持政策的制定提供理论支持和现实依据，并为初创科技型企业的经营提供具体的建议和方法指导。研究发现：（1）我国初创科技型企业成长的影响因素主要分为创业者、环境、组织、资源四个维度。（2）初创科技型企业成长具有“多重并发性”，单个条件对企业成长的解释性较弱。（3）不同影响因素通过组合联动的方式推动初创科技型企业成长，主要存在三条高成长性驱动路径：一是创业者-资源-非政府类环境驱动型，二是资源-环境驱动型，三是组织-资源-政府类环境驱动型。（4）在特定条件下，创业者能力可以和政府类环境相互替代，提升初创科技型企业成长性。本文的研究结论为政府制定“因地制宜”的科技创业扶持政策、为初创科技型企业结合自身条件禀赋选择适合的发展道路提供有益启示。

关键词: 初创科技型企业, 企业成长, 成长影响因素, 成长路径

Abstract: S&T startups are the driving force for technological innovation. They also play an important role in achieving innovation-driven and high-quality development. But its high mortality rate and short lifespan cannot be ignored, and its growth mechanism is still a black box. To further explore the influencing factors and paths of the growth of S&T startups, this paper expanded the entrepreneurial process model based on China′s national conditions and the characteristics of S&T startups, and thus proposed an EEOR analysis model with Chinese characteristics for the growth of S&T startups. Meanwhile, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method was used to conduct configuration analysis on the case of S&T startups in City A. This study aims to enrich and improve the theoretical system for the growth of S&T startups, provide theoretical support and practical basis for the formulation of support policies for S&T entrepreneurship in China, and provide specific suggestions and methodological guidance for the operation of S&T startups. The research found that: (1) The influencing factors of the growth of S&T startups in China are mainly divided into four dimensions: entrepreneur, environment, organization, and resource. (2) The growth of S&T startups is very complicated, and a single condition has weak explanatory power for enterprise growth. (3) Different influencing factors promote the growth of S&T startups through a combination of linkage, and there are mainly three high growth driving paths: the first path is driven by entrepreneur, resource, and non-governmental environment; the second path is driven by resource and environment; and the third path is driven by organization, resource and governmental environment. (4) Under specific conditions, the ability of entrepreneur can replace each other with governmental environment, enhancing the growth potential of S&T startups. The research conclusion of this paper will provide useful insights for the government to formulate S&T entrepreneurship support policies according to circumstances, and for startups to choose development paths that are suitable for themselves to combine their own conditions and endowments.

Key words: S&T startup, enterprise growth, growth influencing factor, growth path

徐然, 李晓轩. 初创科技型企业成长影响因素及路径研究[J]. 科研管理, 2025, 46(9): 109-116.

Xu Ran, Li Xiaoxuan. Research on the influencing factors and paths of the growth of S&T startups[J]. Science Research Management, 2025, 46(9): 109-116.

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