科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 55-64.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.05.006

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能对企业成长的影响研究

吕镯1，张恒鑫1，李连伟2   

  1. 1.山东工商学院统计学院，山东 烟台264003；
    2.山东工商学院金融学院，山东 烟台264003
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-27 修回日期:2024-11-26 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 李连伟
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目：“股权激励影响国有企业全要素生产率的机理、路径与制度优化研究”（72102129，2022.01—2024.12）、“股权激励对企业创新的影响机理与制度优化研究”（71904107，2020.01—2022.12）。

Research on the impact of artificial intelligence on enterprise growth

Lyu Zhuo1, Zhang Hengxin1, Li Lianwei2   

  1. 1. School of Statistics, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; 
    2. School of Finance, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-10-27 Revised:2024-11-26 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-12

摘要：     随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的深入发展，人工智能已成为推动企业转型升级和经济高质量发展的重要驱动力。本文选取2004—2021年A股上市公司为样本，采用双重机器学习方法评估了人工智能对企业成长的影响及作用机制。计量结果显示：（1）人工智能显著促进了企业成长，并在经过一系列稳健性检验后结论依然成立；（2）异质性分析发现，人工智能对企业成长的促进效应在非国有企业、中小型企业和传统行业表现更为显著；（3）基于人工智能的技术-经济特征视角的机制检验表明，人工智能主要发挥其协同性、创新性和替代性，通过提高企业生产效率、降低管理成本、促进企业创新和优化劳动力雇佣结构来促进企业成长。本文阐明了人工智能在推动企业成长过程中发挥的关键作用及背后的作用机理，为加快推动人工智能发展和促进企业转型升级提供了补充和参考。
关键词

关键词: 人工智能, 企业成长, 技术-经济特征, 双重机器学习

Abstract:     With the deepening development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, artificial intelligence (AI) has become an important driving force for the transformation and high-quality economic development of enterprises. This paper selected A-share listed companies from 2004 to 2021 as samples, and adopted the dual machine learning method to evaluate the impact and mechanism of artificial intelligence on enterprise growth. The econometric results showed that: (1) AI significantly promotes firm growth and the conclusions remain valid after a series of robustness tests; (2) The heterogeneity analysis revealed that the promotion effect of AI on enterprise growth is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises, and traditional industries; (3) The mechanism test based on the perspective of AI′s technical-economic characteristics showed that AI mainly exerts its synergy, innovation and substitutability to promote enterprise growth by improving enterprise productivity, reducing management costs, promoting enterprise innovation, and optimizing the structure of labor employment. The paper has revealed the important role and internal mechanism of AI in promoting enterprise growth, and it will provide some important supplements and references for accelerating the development of AI and promoting enterprise transformation and upgrading.

Key words: artificial intelligence, enterprise growth, techno-economic characteristics, dual machine learning