强资源约束下专精特新企业自主创新风险控制研究

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.09.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大力发展专精特新企业是解决我国“卡脖子”困境的主要举措。相较行业龙头企业，其自主创新活动面临着更强的资源约束，更小的客户群体，更高的创新要求，更激进的创新策略，因而具有更高的自主创新风险。在强资源约束情境下，如何有效控制自主创新风险是其面临的重大管理难题。本文选取专精特新企业科达自控为案例，基于技术风险与创新扩散理论对自主创新风险控制进行探索。研究表明：（1）强资源约束是专精特新企业提升自主创新能力的重要情境特征，具体表现为资源匮乏、能力有限和选择利用式创新；（2）自主创新过程主要由研发和扩散两个阶段构成，研发阶段的风险主要为技术风险，具体表现为技术开发和技术转化风险，管理者基于技术趋势判断能力，通过技术和资源的组合迭代，提升研发和基础技术应用能力，以控制技术风险；扩散阶段的风险主要为市场风险，具体表现为产品量产和市场需求风险，管理者基于市场趋势判断能力，通过产品和市场的组合迭代，提升产业化和市场开拓能力，以控制市场风险。本文构建的“趋势判断-组合迭代-能力提升”自主创新风险控制三角理论框架模型，深度契合了专精特新企业强资源约束的情境特征，将创新风险控制研究从技术层面推进到市场层面，打破了技术与市场间的“隔离墙”，对自主创新风险识别与控制具有启示意义。

关键词: 强资源约束, 自主创新风险, 趋势判断, 组合迭代, 能力提升

Abstract: Developing specialized, refinement, differential and innovation ("SRDI") enterprises is the main measure to solve the "stranglehold" dilemma in China. Compared with leading enterprises in the industry, their independent innovation activities face stronger resource constraints, smaller customer groups, higher innovation requirements, and more radical innovation strategies, so they have higher independent innovation risks. In the context of strong resource constraints, how to effectively control the risk of independent innovation is a major management problem. This paper selected Keda Automation, SRDI, as the subject of a case study, and explored the risk control of independent innovation based on the theory of technology risk and innovation diffusion. The results showed that: (1) Strong resource constraints are an important context characteristic of SRDI to improve their independent innovation capabilities, which are manifested in resource scarcity, limited capacity and selective utilization innovation; (2) The independent innovation process of enterprises is mainly composed of two stages: R&D and diffusion, and the risks faced in the R&D stage are mainly technical risks, which are specifically manifested as technology development and technology transformation risks. The risks faced in the diffusion stage are mainly market risks, which are specifically manifested in the risk of mass production and market demand, and managers can improve their industrialization and market development capabilities through the combination and iteration of products and markets based on market trends to control market risks. The triangular theoretical framework model of independent innovation risk control constructed in this paper is deeply in line with the scenario characteristics of strong resource constraints of specialized, SRDI, and promotes the research on innovation risk control from the technical level to the market level, breaking the "separation wall" between technology and the market, which has enlightening significance for the identification and control of independent innovation risks.

Key words: strong resource constraint, independent innovation risk, trend judgment, combinatorial iteration, capacity improvement

王东升, 任怡蓉, 薛海燕. 强资源约束下专精特新企业自主创新风险控制研究[J]. 科研管理, 2025, 46(9): 88-98.

Wang Dongsheng, Ren Yirong, Xue Haiyan. Research on the risk control of independent innovation of "SRDI" enterprises under the context of strong resource constraints[J]. Science Research Management, 2025, 46(9): 88-98.

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