在中国经济社会全面绿色转型发展的背景下，智慧城市引领的新型城镇化是缓解城市病、改善生态环境的重要战略选择。本文基于2010—2018年中国上市公司微观数据，利用双重差分估计（DID）实证检验了“智慧城市”试点政策对企业绿色技术创新的影响。研究发现：（1）“智慧城市”试点显著促进企业绿色技术创新，且对低质量绿色技术创新的促进作用更显著。（2）“智慧城市”试点对企业绿色技术创新存在省内正向政策溢出效应，省内试点城市数量和质量水平越高，先进型城市和追赶型城市间资源争夺和竞争就越激烈，从而形成城市间围绕企业绿色技术创新的“逐顶竞争”现象。（3）“智慧城市”试点政策主要通过促进企业数字化、提高研发投入和环保支出等渠道促进企业绿色技术创新。
Abstract
In the context of comprehensive green transformation development of Chinese economy and society, new urbanization led by smart cities is an important strategic choice to alleviate urban diseases and improve ecological environment. At the same time, green technology innovation as an important path to realize the coordinated development of economy and environment, it is necessary to examine the impact of smart city construction on green technology innovation. However, most of the existing studies examine the impact path of smart city construction on technology innovation from the macro level, lacking in-depth investigation of the mechanism of action at the micro level. In addition, existing studies lack the examination of the policy spillover effects of smart city construction, which makes it difficult to provide useful references for the promotion of smart city pilot experiences.
Based on the micro-data of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2018, this paper empirically-tested the impact, mechanism and spillover effect of smart city construction on enterprise green technology innovation by using Differences-in-Differences. The results are as follows: First, smart city construction can significantly promote enterprise green technology innovation, and compared with high-quality green technology innovation, smart city construction has a more significant promoting effect on low-quality green technology innovation. After a series of robustness tests, this result still holds. Second, the impact of smart city construction on enterprise green technology innovation has a positive policy spillover effect within the province. The higher the quantity and quality of pilot cities within the province, the fiercer the resource competition between advanced cities and catch-up cities, thus forming a phenomenon of "top-to-top competition" among cities around enterprise green technology innovation. Third, smart city construction can significantly promote enterprise green technology innovation by promoting enterprise digitization, increasing R&D investment and environmental protection expenditure.
Based on the above research conclusions, this paper obtains the following implications: first, local governments should vigorously promote urban infrastructure construction and the deeply integrated development of digital technology, provide favorable support for the diffusion and absorption of innovative knowledge and the transformation of innovative results, break the data island, and promote enterprises to make higher quality green technology innovation. Second, the government should unswervingly promote the construction of smart cities in the way of pilot first, actively promote the advanced development experience of pilot cities, give play to the positive demonstration effect of smart city pilot policies on other cities, and promote the green technology innovation of enterprises through the virtuous cycle of smart city development. Third, the government should attach importance to the application of digital technology at the enterprise level and reduce the barriers to knowledge sharing of innovation among enterprises. Enterprises should take smart city construction as an opportunity to innovate their business operation mode and reduce their R&D risks and operating costs. Finally, green development content such as smart environmental protection and smart energy should be strengthened to force enterprises to increase investment in green technology innovation.
关键词
智慧城市 /
企业绿色技术创新 /
双重差分估计
Key words
smart city /
green technology innovation of enterprises /
DID estimation
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基金
国家社会科学基金项目：“新疆文化与旅游深度融合的路径研究”（22XJY036，2022.09—2025.12）；新疆大学优秀博士研究生创新项目：“中国城市土地错配的碳排放效应研究”（XJU2022BS009，2022.12—2024.12）。
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