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政府采购与“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新
Government procurement and key core technological innovation of "little giant" enterprises
政府关键核心技术采购作为政府支持“小巨人”企业的重要需求侧政策,是加强“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新的重要路径。本文以《产业基础创新发展目录(2021年版)》为依据,采用文本分析法识别政府关键核心技术采购内容,并以2015—2023年“小巨人”上市公司数据为样本,通过双向固定效应模型研究政府关键核心技术采购对“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新能力的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)政府关键核心技术采购显著增强了被采购“小巨人”企业的关键核心技术创新能力;(2)政府关键核心技术采购通过提高预期市场回报、强化高管核心技术认知、促进组织跨界融合和缓解融资约束四个方面,全面增强“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新能力;(3)政策协同效应分析表明,双侧政策组合比单一政策更能显著增强“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新能力,且“补贴先行,后采购”的实施策略效果最优,其他策略无显著影响;(4)基于采购类型与企业特征,检验政府关键核心技术采购创新效应的异质性;(5)进一步研究发现,政府部门与“小巨人”企业良好的供需互动关系对企业关键核心技术创新能力提升具有促进作用。本文不仅丰富了政府采购的微观研究,也为优化“小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新政策提供了实践依据。
Government procurement of key core technologies, as an important demand-side policy for supporting "little giant" enterprises, is a significant path to enhancing the key core technological innovation capabilities of these enterprises. Based on the "Directory of Industrial Foundation Innovation and Development (2021 Edition)", this paper used text analysis to identify the content of government procurement of key core technologies. Using the data of "little giant" listed companies from 2015 to 2023 as samples, a two-way fixed effect model was employed to study the impact and mechanism of government procurement of key core technologies on the key core technological innovation capabilities of "little giant" enterprises. The research results showed that:(1) Government procurement of key core technologies significantly enhances the key core technological innovation capabilities of the "little giant" enterprises that are procured; (2) Government procurement of key core technologies comprehensively enhances the key core technological innovation capabilities of "little giant" enterprises through four aspects:increasing expected market returns, strengthening executives' core technology cognition, promoting organizational cross-border integration, and alleviating financing constraints; (3) The analysis of policy synergy effects indicates that the combination of bilateral policies is more effective in significantly enhancing the key core technological innovation capabilities of "little giant" enterprises than a single policy, and the implementation strategy of "subsidy first, then procurement" has the best effect, while other strategies have no significant impact; (4) The heterogeneity of the innovation effect of government procurement of key core technologies is tested based on the type of procurement and enterprise characteristics. (5) Further research reveals that a good supply and demand interaction relationship between government departments and "little giant" enterprises promotes the improvement of the key core technological innovation capabilities of these enterprises. This paper enriches the micro-level research on government procurement, and will provide practical evidence for optimizing the key core technological innovation policies for "little giant" enterprises.
政府关键核心技术采购 / “小巨人”企业关键核心技术创新 / 协同效应
government key core technology procurement / "little giant" enterprise core technology innovation / synergistic effect
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