Digital transformation research shows how waves of digitalization produce strategic changes within and across firms, enabling new forms of value creation. We argue that different but no less important processes of digital transformation are generated by the undertow produced by these waves. Digital undertow, a corollary effect of waves of digitalization, profoundly influences how firms operate by transforming the industry standards that coordinate and regulate their core business activities. This is producing what we refer to as digital displacement, a process that is significantly challenging the capacity of standards to effectively manage industry operations in the digital age.

颠覆性数字技术创新和数字产业新型业态正改写全球制造业竞争格局，知识产权裹挟的技术标准先行已成为全球数字产业的竞争规则，缺乏互联互通标准协议导致的“数据孤岛”等成为数字产业发展的“卡脖子”问题，因此加强数字技术标准引领规范、知识产权保护与运用对于加速推进数字产业创新至关重要。本文在细致阐述和挖掘数字产业创新概念内涵和发展其外延的基础上，通过对近二十年间发表于国际顶刊的268篇文章进行系统归纳，总结出“互动关系（协同推进）—内在机理（八力驱动）—作用路径（双向互动）”的技术标准和知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的框架，提出数字产业创新融合再造新业态的四种模式以及未来研究方向，以期推进数字产业创新相关领域研究的持续发展。

Abstract:The fourth industrial revolution is coming at an unprecedented rate, followed by the digital industry's disruptive innovations and new business formats rewriting the global manufacturing competition pattern. In such a case, technology standards, tightly bound with intellectual properties, are re-designing the global competition rules in the digital world. On the other hand, the lack of interconnection standard agreement caused the "Isolated Data Island," strangling the further development of the digital industry. Therefore, developing supervising principles for digital technology standards and strengthening the protection and use of intellectual property rights is essential to accelerating digital industrial innovation. However, most existing research focuses on theories and practices about digital innovation or digital industry, leaving a research gap in the systematic definition of digital industrial innovation and the mechanism of technology standard and intellectual property's co-promotion on digital industrial innovation. Based on the systematic review of the collected findings, this study expects to explore a theoretical framework to figure out how technical standards and intellectual property co-promote innovation in the digital industry and refine potential future research.To this end, the research is organized as follows. First, we use VOS Viewer to compile 268 articles published in international critical journals between 2000 and 2020. Based on the systematic review, we further put forward the extension of the innovative connotation of the digital industry and a theoretical framework of follow-up research. As many colleagues and peers proposed, the digital industrial innovation introduces the data as a factor of production and a production condition into the economic system to obtain a new type of production function through the "new combination." From such a perspective, creative destruction constructs the endogenous foundation of digital industrialization and industrial digitalization and consequently produces a new business format. On this basis, we summarize a framework to explain how technical standards and intellectual property co-promote digital industrial innovation as the "interaction relationship (co-propulsion)-intrinsic mechanism (eight-force drive) -action path (two-way interaction)" model. The model helps to analyze the dynamics and laws of its continuous development and evolution from technological and organizational change.Next, based on the two dimensions, the type of digital industrial innovation output and the synergy ability technical standard and intellectual property, the paper constructs a four-quadrant analysis frame of the efficient combination of digital industry's melting and re-engineering new business format. The frame draws four differentiated re-engineering modes: intellectual property-driven personalized customization, technology standard-driven intelligent production, standard-oriented network collaboration, and technology-based collaborative service extension. Based on the technology standard strategy, intellectual property strategy, and digital industrial innovation collaborative strategy, the construction strategy of the digital industrial innovation ecosystem is eventually coming out. Finally, the paper puts forward the future research alternatives and suggests focusing on the cooperative interaction between technical standards and intellectual property rights in the context of digital industrial innovation, the new content of promoting the innovation process mechanism of the digital industry, and the new field of co-promoting, aiming to form a research force and promote the further development of digital industrial innovation research.To sum up, this study develops the connotation and extension of digital industrial innovation. Furthermore, it puts forward the mechanism through which technology standard and intellectual property co-promote digital industrial innovation and re-engineer new business format, making up for the gap in the theoretical research. Therefore, this paper has significant theoretical value and practical guidance to promote the rising along the digital industry value chain to the high-end and enhance international competitiveness.

本文研究了企业数字化转型对供应链上下游企业产出波动的影响并从供应链话语权视角挖掘了作用机制。研究发现：中心企业数字化转型平抑了上游供应商产出波动，但同时也加剧了下游客户产出波动，凸显了对上下游企业产出波动的非对称影响；数字化转型提升了中心企业的供应链话语权，是造成上述非对称影响的重要机制；供应商/客户与中心企业的数字鸿沟缩小、国家加强反垄断监管、企业的社会责任提升均有助于弱化上述非对称影响，而中心企业市场势力会强化对上游供应商的影响。非国有企业数字化转型对产出波动存在的非对称影响更明显。本文研究为全面、深刻地理解数字化转型的作用提供了重要的思考方向。

The digital economy is reshaping company dominance in supply chains. Therefore, how the restructuring of supply chain relationships affects supply chain stability requires more in-depth study. This paper integrates data from listed companies, a digital transformation database, a supply chain database and an industrial companies database to study the impact of corporate digital transformation on upstream and downstream companies’ output fluctuations in the supply chain, while exploring the mechanisms from the perspective of the supply chain bargaining power. The conclusions reached are as follows: (1) The digital transformation of central companies smooths out the output fluctuations of upstream suppliers but simultaneously exacerbates the output fluctuations of downstream customers, highlighting an asymmetric effect on the upstream and downstream companies’ output fluctuations. (2) Enhancing supply chain dominance by central companies through digital transformation is an important mechanism that causes the already mentioned asymmetric effect. On the one hand, the increased dominance of central companies over upstream suppliers reinforces the competitive effects between suppliers and the selection effects on suitability among suppliers, thus reducing output fluctuations. On the other hand, the enhanced dominance of central companies over downstream customers increases customers’ “exclusive dependence” on central companies, leading to customer output fluctuations. (3) Bridging the digital divide between suppliers/customers and central companies, strengthening national anti-monopoly supervision and improving corporate social responsibility all contribute to mitigating the asymmetric effect, whilst the market power of central companies reinforces the impact for upstream supplier. The asymmetric effect of digital transformation on output fluctuations is also more pronounced in the case of non-state-owned companies.