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人工智能应用对企业竞争地位的影响
The impact of artificial intelligence applications on corporate competitive position
随着全球市场竞争日益激烈以及技术飞速发展,企业面临着如何快速有效地利用人工智能这一颠覆性技术提升竞争地位的紧迫挑战。本文聚焦于人工智能在企业提升竞争地位中的应用,详细阐释了人工智能对企业竞争地位的影响机理,并采用2013—2023年中国深沪两市A股上市企业的面板数据,通过构建双向固定效应模型和中介效应模型,系统检验了人工智能对企业竞争地位的影响及其多重作用机制。研究结果表明,人工智能的应用显著提升了企业竞争地位,且这一结论在经过一系列稳健性检验和内生性检验后仍然成立。异质性分析发现,人工智能对国有企业、风险承担能力较高的企业、环境不确定性较高的企业、数字产业的企业以及第二、三产业的企业竞争地位提升效果更为显著。机制分析表明,人工智能通过全要素生产率的提升、政府补贴的增加以及分析师关注度的提高等三条主要路径显著影响企业的竞争地位。本文的研究结果不仅为理解人工智能在提升企业竞争地位中的作用机制提供了新视角,也为推动人工智能技术在企业中的应用和优化提供了理论基础和决策参考。
With the intensifying competition in the global market and the rapid advancements in technology, companies face the urgent challenge of how to swiftly and effectively leverage artificial intelligence(AI), a disruptive technology, to enhance their competitiveness. This study focuses on the application of AI in improving corporate competitive position, systematically elucidating the mechanisms through which AI affects competitive position. Using panel data from A-share listed companies in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2013 to 2023, we employ two-way fixed effect models and mediating effect models to systematically examine the impact of AI on corporate competitive position and its multiple mechanisms. The results indicate that the application of AI significantly enhances corporate competitive position, and this conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that AI has a more pronounced effect on the competitive position of state-owned enterprises, firms with higher risk-taking capacity, those facing greater environmental uncertainty, enterprises in the digital industry, and enterprises in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Mechanism analysis shows that AI significantly influences competitive position through three main pathways, including improvements in total factor productivity, access to government subsidies, and increased analyst attention. The findings of this study not only provide a new perspective for understanding the role of AI in enhancing corporate competitiveness but also offer a theoretical foundation and decision-making reference for promoting the application and optimization of AI technologies in businesses.
artificial intelligence / competitive position / risk-taking / mechanism analysis
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