科技创新对新质生产力的影响研究——基于技术突破和要素配置的机制分析

郭晓玲; 张绍楠

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2026.07.002

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科研管理 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 12-22. DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2026.07.002 CSTR: 32148.14.kygl.2026.07.002

科技创新对新质生产力的影响研究——基于技术突破和要素配置的机制分析

郭晓玲 ¹ ,
张绍楠 ²

作者信息 +

Research on the influence of scientific and technological innovation on new quality productive forces: Mechanism analysis based on technological breakthroughs and factor allocation

Guo Xiaoling ¹ ,
Zhang Shaonan ²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

发展新质生产力是推动经济社会高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点。本文以2011—2022年战略性新兴产业的A股上市企业为研究样本,试图探究并阐释科技创新在培育新质生产力过程中的作用机制。研究发现:(1)科技创新能够显著提高企业新质生产力水平,该结论经过一系列稳健性检验和工具变量法处理内生性后依然成立;(2)作用机制检验表明,科技创新投入主要通过实现关键核心技术突破和数字技术创新的技术突破赋能机制、提升企业资源配置效率和数据要素利用水平的要素配置赋能机制,加快培育新质生产力;(3)异质性分析发现,知识产权保护和数字基础设施等外部环境、高科技行业和技术密集型特征等内部条件,均有助于增强科技创新对新质生产力发展的驱动作用。本文的研究结论能够为我国在经济高质量发展过程中把握发展新机遇、加快形成新质生产力提供有益启示,并为企业在竞争中占领新高地、坚持自主创新和实现可持续发展提供理论参考。

Abstract

Developing new quality productive forces is the essential demand and key breakthrough for high-quality economic and social development. Taking A-share listed enterprises in strategic emerging industries from 2011 to 2022 as research samples, this paper attempts to explore and explain the mechanism of technological innovation in the process of cultivating new quality productivity. The results show that:(1) Technological innovation can significantly improve the level of new quality productive forces of enterprises, and the conclusion is still valid after a series of robustness tests and the instrumental variable method to deal with the endogeneity.(2) The test of action mechanism shows that technological innovation investment accelerates the cultivation of new quality productive forces mainly through the technological breakthrough enabling mechanism of key technology breakthrough and digital technology innovation, factor allocation enabling mechanism of improving enterprise resource allocation efficiency and data factor utilization level.(3) Heterogeneity analysis finds that external environment such as intellectual property protection and digital infrastructure, and internal conditions such as high-tech industries and technology-intensive characteristics all help to enhance the driving effect of technological innovation on the development of new quality productive forces. The research conclusions of this paper provide useful enlightenment for China to grasp the new development opportunities and accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces in the process of highquality economic development, and provide theoretical reference for enterprises to occupy new heights in the competition, adhere to independent innovation and achieve sustainable development.

导出引用

郭晓玲, 张绍楠. 科技创新对新质生产力的影响研究——基于技术突破和要素配置的机制分析[J]. 科研管理. 2026, 47(7): 12-22 https://doi.org/10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2026.07.002

Guo Xiaoling, Zhang Shaonan. Research on the influence of scientific and technological innovation on new quality productive forces: Mechanism analysis based on technological breakthroughs and factor allocation[J]. Science Research Management. 2026, 47(7): 12-22 https://doi.org/10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2026.07.002

中图分类号： F061.1;F124.6

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https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/10.1257/aer.20160696

本文引用 [1] 摘要

We examine the concerns that new technologies will render labor redundant in a framework in which tasks previously performed by labor can be automated and new versions of existing tasks, in which labor has a comparative advantage, can be created. In a static version where capital is fixed and technology is exogenous, automation reduces employment and the labor share, and may even reduce wages, while the creation of new tasks has the opposite effects. Our full model endogenizes capital accumulation and the direction of research toward automation and the creation of new tasks. If the long-run rental rate of capital relative to the wage is sufficiently low, the long-run equilibrium involves automation of all tasks. Otherwise, there exists a stable balanced growth path in which the two types of innovations go hand-in-hand. Stability is a consequence of the fact that automation reduces the cost of producing using labor, and thus discourages further automation and encourages the creation of new tasks. In an extension with heterogeneous skills, we show that inequality increases during transitions driven both by faster automation and the introduction of new tasks, and characterize the conditions under which inequality stabilizes in the long run. (JEL D63, E22, E23, E24, J24, O33, O41)