在数字化与城市发展深度融合的背景下，深入探究大数据战略与城市新质生产力的互动关系及内在逻辑对释放新质生产力具有重大意义。本文以国家大数据综合试验区设立作为准自然实验，采用2009—2021年中国277个地级市的面板数据，使用双重差分方法考察大数据战略对城市新质生产力的影响及作用机制。研究发现，大数据战略可以显著提升城市新质生产力，并且上述政策效果有明显区域性及实施时序差异，具体来看，在我国东部地区，该政策的促进作用相较于中西部地区更为突出；对于先行城市而言，政策的提升效果比后发城市更为显著。作用机制研究显示，知识溢出是大数据战略对城市新质生产力产生影响的重要作用渠道，进一步分析得出这一过程具有明显的空间溢出效应。以上结论为培育发展新质生产力提供了有益借鉴，也为推进我国大数据战略发展，实现“数字中国”“数据强国”目标提供了实证支撑。

With the deep integration of digitalization into urban development，it is crucial to systematically investigate the intricate relationship and underlying mechanisms between big data strategies and the advancement of new quality productive forces in cities to fully unleash their potential. Leveraging the quasi-natural experiment of national big data comprehensive pilot zone，this study employed the panel data from 277 prefecture-level cities spanning from 2009 to 2021 and adopted the difference-in-differences （DID） model to rigorously examine the impact of big data strategies on urban new quality productive forces and their underlying mechanisms. The findings revealed that the big data strategies significantly enhance new quality productive forces，with pronounced regional heterogeneity and temporal variation in policy effects. Specifically，the policy exhibits stronger promotional effects in eastern China compared to the central and western regions，and its impact is more substantial in early-policy-adopting cities than in late-policy-adopting cities. Through mediation analysis，we identified knowledge spillovers as the dominant mediating channel by which big data strategies contribute to the advancement of new quality productive forces. Further spatial econometric analysis confirmed a distinct spatial spillover effect. These conclusions will provide actionable insights for cultivating and developing new quality productive forces，while offering empirical support for advancing China's big data strategy to achieve the goals of "Digital China" and "Data Powerhouse".