全球视角下科研人员职业幸福感的量化比较研究

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 职业幸福感是近年来在管理学领域被广泛提及的概念，高水平的职业幸福感可以激发员工的满意度、忠诚度，提升创新活力和机构劳动力市场竞争优势，而如何提升科研人员的幸福感是目前亟待解决的现实问题。本研究基于2021年全球科研人员调查数据，构建职业幸福感评估DEA模型，采用秩统计方法分析比较全球学术劳动力市场中主要国家科研机构资源配置情况与科研人员职业幸福感的关系，并进一步通过Tobit模型分析影响幸福感的组织因素。实证结果表明，我国科研机构在维持科研人员职业幸福感方面仍有不足，与欧美发达国家存在显著差距，这体现在机构资源投入不足、科研人员工作满意度和忠诚度偏低等方面。大部分科研人员存在幸福感规模报酬递增情况，表明通过增加资源投入仍能有效提升科研人员幸福感水平。而官僚主义是损害科研人员幸福感的主要原因。研究结论对于我国科研机构优化资源配置、提升科研人员职业幸福感水平，进而在全球学术劳动力市场中提升人才吸引力，激发人才创新活力具有重要实践启示。

关键词: 职业幸福感, 科研人员, 学术劳动力市场, DEA-Tobit模型

Abstract: Professional happiness is a widely mentioned concept in the field of management in recent years, and a high level of professional happiness could stimulate employees′ job satisfaction and loyalty, improve the vitality of innovation and competitive advantages of institutions in the labor market, but how to enhance the happiness of researchers is a real problem that needs to be solved urgently at present. Based on the survey data of global scientific researchers in 2021, this study constructed a DEA evaluation model for assessing professional happiness level, analyzed and compared the relationship between resource allocation of scientific research institutions and professional happiness of researchers in major countries in the global academic labor market using the rank statistics method, and further analyzed with the Tobit model the organizational factors affecting happiness level. The empirical results showed that there are still shortcomings in maintaining the happiness of researchers in China′s research institutions, and most researchers have increasing returns on the scale of happiness, in which bureaucracy are the main factor that damages researchers′ happiness. The research conclusions will have important practical implications for Chinese scientific institutions to optimize resource allocation, improve the level of researchers′ professional happiness, and then enhance the attraction of talents in the global academic labor market and stimulate innovation vitality of researchers.

Key words: professional happiness, researcher, academic labor market, DEA-Tobit model

李欣哲, 鲁晓, 刘肖肖. 全球视角下科研人员职业幸福感的量化比较研究[J]. 科研管理, 2025, 46(2): 158-169.

Li Xinzhe, Lu Xiao, Liu Xiaoxiao. A quantitative comparative study of researchers′ professional happiness from a global perspective[J]. Science Research Management, 2025, 46(2): 158-169.

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