科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 40-49.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.10.005

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

公共数据开放对企业技术创新的影响机理研究

杜善重1,2, 连立帅3   

  1. 1.中山大学国际金融学院， 广东 珠海519082；
    2.中山大学高级金融研究院， 广东 广州510275；
    3.华东师范大学经济与管理学院，上海200062
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-15 修回日期:2024-12-15 接受日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 杜善重
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目：“数字化时代背景下控制权配置与公司价值研究”（72172063，2022.01—2025.12）；国家社会科学基金一般项目：“‘沪深港通’对境内中小股东行权的影响机制研究”（2022.09—2025.12）；2024年度江苏省社会科学基金青年项目：“制造业智能化转型背景下企业员工责任履行研究”（24GLC016，2024.10—2026.12）。

Research on the influence mechanism of public data openness on corporate technological innovation

Du Shanzhong1,2, Lian Lishuai3   

  1. 1. International School of Business & Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, Guangdong, China;
    2. Advanced Institute of Finance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China;
    3. School of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China

  • Received:2024-01-15 Revised:2024-12-15 Accepted:2024-12-17 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-14

摘要：     随着加快公共数据开放共享成为我国数字政府建设的核心任务，企业如何借助公共数据开放的现实背景来提升自身技术创新水平成为了一项重要议题。基于此，本文以2015—2021年沪深A股上市公司作为研究样本，采用双重差分模型实证检验了公共数据开放对于企业技术创新的影响以及内在机理。研究发现，公共数据开放显著提升了企业技术创新水平。机理检验发现，公共数据开放通过减少不确定性风险、加速信息跨主体流动以及降低创新交易成本的方式来促进企业技术创新。异质性分析表明，良好的信任环境、较高的政府治理效率和完善的数字基础设施能够强化公共数据开放对于企业技术创新的促进作用。公共数据特征的拓展性研究发现，当公共数据的地理区位级别较低以及专业化程度较高时，公共数据开放对于企业技术创新的赋能效应更显著；基于企业技术创新结构的分析表明，公共数据开放还能带来企业技术创新的质量效应与溢出效应；经济后果检验发现，公共数据开放赋能企业技术创新最终能够带来企业价值的增加。本文从微观企业技术创新的视角探讨公共数据开放的赋能效果，为如何更好地实现公共数据开放共享与创新驱动发展战略的协同发展提供了理论参考。

关键词: 公共数据开放, 企业技术创新, 企业价值

Abstract:    As the acceleration of public data openness and sharing becomes a core task in China′s digital government construction, understanding how enterprises can leverage public data openness to enhance their technological innovation has become a crucial issue. Based on a sample of Ashare listed firms on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2015 to 2021, this study employed a DID model to empirically examine the impact of public data openness on corporate technological innovation and its underlying mechanisms. The findings revealed that public data openness significantly enhances corporate technological innovation. The mechanism tests indicated that public data openness promotes corporate technological innovation by reducing uncertainty risks, accelerating cross-entity information flow, and lowering transaction costs associated with innovation. The heterogeneity analysis demonstrated that favorable trust environments, higher government governance efficiency, and robust digital infrastructure strengthen the positive impact of public data openness on technological innovation. Further analyses of public data characteristics showed that the enabling effect of public data openness on corporate technological innovation is more pronounced when public data is of lower geographic granularity and higher specialization. The structural analysis of corporate technological innovation revealed that public data openness contributes to both the quality effect and spillover effect of corporate technological innovation. The economic consequence tests indicated that the improvement in corporate technological innovation driven by public data openness ultimately leads to increased corporate value. This study has explored the enabling effects of public data openness from the perspective of micro-level corporate technological innovation, and will provide theoretical insights into how to better achieve the coordinated development of public data openness and innovation-driven strategies. 

Key words: public data openness, corporate technology innovation, corporate value