科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 13-22.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.05.002

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能技术应用对制造业企业创新绩效的影响

何筠1,2 ，熊孜贤2   

  1. 1.南昌大学中国中部经济社会发展研究中心，江西 南昌330031；
    2.南昌大学经济管理学院，江西 南昌330031

  • 收稿日期:2023-08-12 修回日期:2025-01-21 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-05-12
  • 通讯作者: 何筠
  • 基金资助:
    江西省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目：“人工智能对中部制造企业创新绩效的影响和提升对策研究”（JD21002，2021.12—2025.06）；国家社会科学基金重点项目：“可持续生计分析框架下中部贫困地区农民就业能力提升研究”（18AJL015，2018.06—2023.12）。

The impacts of artificial intelligence technology applications on the innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises

He Yun1,2, Xiong Zixian2   

  1. 1. Central China Economic and Social Development Research Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China;
    2. School of Economics and Management, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2023-08-12 Revised:2025-01-21 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-05-12

摘要：     制造业高质量发展是我国经济高质量发展的重中之重。人工智能作为新质生产力的核心驱动力，具有强大的影响经济和社会的能力，研究它的引入是否能够提升制造业企业的创新绩效有重要意义。以中国A股市上市公司中制造业企业2011—2019年的数据为基础，把人工智能技术的应用看作一次准自然实验，运用双重差分法，系统考察人工智能技术应用对我国制造业企业创新绩效的影响效应和机制。结果表明：（1）人工智能技术的应用对制造业企业创新绩效有明显的促进作用，并且在一系列稳健性检验后仍然成立。（2）从作用机制来看，人工智能技术可以通过影响政府补贴和企业的劳动力总量、劳动力结构等因素提升企业的创新绩效。（3）人工智能技术的应用在不同产权、不同生命周期的制造业企业创新绩效中存在异质性。研究认为，推进人工智能技术的融合应用不仅能够推进制造业高质量发展、扩大创新空间，同时也将成为实现我国制造业“由大变强”的强劲动力。

关键词: 人工智能, 制造业, 创新绩效, 双重差分法

Abstract:    The high-quality development of the manufacturing industry is the top priority of the high-quality development of China′s economy. As the core driving force of new quality productivity, artificial intelligence has a strong ability to influence the economy and society, and it is of great significance to study whether its introduction can improve the innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises. Based on the data of China′s manufacturing A-share listed enterprises from 2011 to 2019, this paper used the difference-in-differences method to systematically study the impact and mechanism of the application of artificial intelligence technology on the innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises. The results showed that: (1) the application of artificial intelligence technology significantly improves the innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises, and it is still valid after a series of robustness tests; (2) from the perspective of the mechanism, ai technology can improve the innovation performance of enterprises by influencing factors such as government subsidies, the total labor force and labor structure of enterprises; and (3) there is heterogeneity in the application of artificial intelligence technology in the innovation performance of manufacturing enterprises with different property rights and different life cycles. The study held that promoting the integration and application of artificial intelligence technology can not only promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry and expand the innovation space, but also become a strong driving force for the realization of China′s manufacturing industry "going from big to strong".

Key words: artificial intelligence, manufacturing industry, innovation performance, difference-in-differences method