科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 108-118.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.02.011

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

固定资产加速折旧政策影响企业研发创新水平的机理研究

谷成1，陈青1，张春雷2   

  1. 1.东北财经大学财政税务学院，辽宁 大连116025； 2.河南财政金融学院财政税务学院，河南 郑州451464
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-03 修回日期:2024-12-11 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-11
  • 通讯作者: 陈青
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目：“推动全国统一大市场建设的财税体制改革研究”（24&ZD066，2025.01—2029.12）。

Research on the influence mechanism of the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets on the R&D innovation level of enterprises

Gu Cheng1, Chen Qing1, Zhang Chunlei2   

  1. 1. School of Finance and Taxation, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian 116025, Liaoning, China;
    2. School of Finance and Taxation, Henan Finance University, Zhengzhou 451464, Henan, China
  • Received:2023-07-03 Revised:2024-12-11 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-11

摘要：      创新是推动经济实现高质量发展的重要动力。本文以2014年和2015年实施的固定资产加速折旧政策作为一项准自然实验，构建多时点双重差分模型，实证检验了固定资产加速折旧政策对企业研发创新水平的影响及作用机理。研究发现，固定资产加速折旧政策能够显著促进企业提升研发创新水平。异质性分析表明，在对企业研发创新水平的影响方面，该政策对低市场化地区企业和成熟期企业的研发创新水平的激励效果更好。从影响机制来看，该政策主要通过促进企业加大研发投入和增加固定资产投资实现研发创新水平的提升。本文有助于理解固定资产加速折旧政策与企业研发创新水平之间关系的逻辑机理，为完善税收激励政策和促进经济转型升级提供经验证据，具有重要的理论和实践价值。

关键词: 税收激励, 固定资产加速折旧政策, 研发创新, 多时点双重差分

Abstract:    Innovation is an important driving force to promote highquality economic development. This paper selected the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets implemented in 2014 and 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment, constructed a multiple period DID model, and empirically tested the impact and mechanism of the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises. The study found that the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets can significantly promote enterprises to improve the level of R&D innovation. The heterogeneity analysis showed that in terms of the impact on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises, the policy has a better incentive effect on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises in low marketization areas and mature enterprises. From the perspective of the impact mechanism, the policy mainly improves the level of R&D innovation by promoting enterprises to increase R&D investment and increase fixed asset investment. This paper will be helpful to understand the logical mechanism of the relationship between accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets and R&D innovation level of enterprises, and it will provide empirical evidence for improving tax incentive policy and promoting economic transformation and upgrading, which has important theoretical and practical value.

Key words: tax incentive, accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets, R&D innovation, multiple-period DID model