突破关键核心技术是“十四五”规划中科技自立自强的重要部署，是二〇三五年远景目标的重要规划，关系着我国能否如期进入创新型国家前列、建成世界科技强国。在该领域进行初步的理论探索，首先对关键核心技术进行概念界定与内涵阐释，进而描述关键核心技术的主要特征，最后以产学研为攻关主体，从“突破路径”和“助力渠道”两个维度探析出关键核心技术的7个主要突破因素：技术打压认知与需求导向、国际科技合作与开放创新、产学研深度融合、长期性充足研发资金投入、领军人才及其团队、技术链与产业链以及政府政策与体制机制等。结论可为后续研究与实践提供参考与借鉴。

Breaking through key part of core technology is a major practical problem and theoretical research topic in China. Proposals for formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 explicitly states that "Sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening as the strategic support for national development, the new system concentrating nationwide effort and resources on key national sci-tech undertakings should be improved in the context of the socialist market economy, and key part of core technology should be strived to make major breakthroughs".However, the academic research on breaking through key part of core technology is still in its infancy, and there are not many researches abroad. The limited literature and reports in China mainly focus on a few topics such as leadership speeches, government role, identification methods, innovation barriers, breakthrough paths, institutional mechanisms and case description. Scholars has made a preliminary study on the concept, characteristics and influencing factors of key part of core technology, but it is far from reaching a consensus. In view of this, we especially explores some basic theoretical issues in this field: concept, connotation, characteristics and breakthrough factors of key part of core technology. Firstly, key part of core technology can be understood from two perspectives: the concept of “or” relationship between “key technology” and “core technology”; “key” represents the degree of importance, “core technology” is the body. Comprehensively reviewing the concepts of key part of core technology in existing literature, we find that some define it through the first perspective and quote the concepts like “core technology” from previous studies, which enlarges or reduces the connotation and extension of key part of core technology and blurs the boundary characters between them; Others make definition from their own interest, but perspectives vary from one to another. Based on this, we believe that key part of core technology is a necessary and insufficient condition of core technology. Combining the related theories of technology gap, the view of sustainable development and holistic approach to national security, we define the concept and explain the connotation of key part of core technology. Then, from the perspective of process, the main characters of key part of core technology are described from four aspects: technical status, research process, breakthrough mechanism and innovation achievements. Finally, the contradiction between a dilemma that one country’s high-end sci-tech development being blocked by other developed countries and that country's domestic security and market demand has triggered a theoretical discussion on breaking through key part of core technology and realizing sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening. Taking Industry-University-Research as the body, we analyze seven main breakthrough factors of the key part of core technology from the two dimensions of "breakthrough path" and "assistance channel": Technology suppression cognition and demand orientation, International science technology cooperation and open innovation, Deep integration of Industry-University-Research, Long-term sufficient R&D investment, Leading talents and their teams, Technology chain and industry chain, Government policies and institutional mechanisms. The conclusion can provide a basis of reference for the further research and practice.

中美科技经济脱钩进一步凸显了我国关键核心技术创新突破的紧迫性。本文从关键核心技术规律特征、我国该项技术发展水平这两个维度构建关键核心技术系统分类体系。并且从创新生态系统的角度，进一步总结出不同类型关键核心技术适用的创新生态系统组织方式和研发模式。我们发现，集成型技术适用政府强力干预的新型举国体制模式；攻关型技术适用研究院所拥有更多自主权的放权型产学研合作模式；开放型技术适用企业家精神推动的核心企业领导模式；探索型技术适用灵活开放的非营利机构主导模式。研究结论为我国关键核心技术高效创新组织方式设计及政府制定政策提供理论参考。

The technological and economic decoupling between China and the United States further highlights the urgency of China's key technological innovation breakthroughs. This paper constructs the key technology classification system from the two dimensions of the key technologies: characteristic of technical law and the development level of this technology in China. Furthermore, from the perspective of innovation ecosystem, the organization modes and R&D modes suitable for different types of key technologies are further summarized. We find that the national system mode with strong government intervention is suitable for the aggregate technologies; The industry-university-research cooperation mode with more autonomy is suitable for the bottleneck technologies; the core enterprise leadership mode driven by entrepreneurship is suitable for the open technologies; the flexible and open nonprofit-led mode is suitable for the exploratory technologies. The conclusion of this study provides theoretical reference for the organization mode design of key technologies and government policy making in China.

关键核心技术被“卡脖子”背景下，民营制造业领军企业怎样实现产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术成为亟待破解的现实与理论难题。本文以三一集团为例，深入探讨民营制造业领军企业产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术的演进路径，并依据“产学研深度融合——关键核心技术创新能力提升——关键核心技术突破”核心逻辑构建动态演进模型。研究发现：民营制造业领军企业产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术过程中，产学研融合策略经历了“松散型→探索型→利用型→深度融合型”的路径；关键核心技术创新能力遵循“关键核心零部件研发与制造能力→关键核心技术与工艺集成创新能力→关键核心产品整机自研与制造能力→关键核心产品数字化全面创新能力”逐阶提升路径，且存在逆向促进作用；关键核心技术突破遵循“功能性突破→性能性突破→可靠性突破→前沿性突破”的路径。研究结论丰富了产学研深度融合、关键核心技术与能力相关研究，对产学研深度融合突破关键核心技术的实践具有一定启示。

Under the background of lack of "neck-stuck" key core technologies in China, General Secretary Xi has repeatedly pointed out the correct path for breaking through key core technologies through Industry-University-Research (IUR) deep integration. Consequently, research on the evolution mechanism of this process has become an urgent practical and theoretical problem. However, since IUR deep integration and breakthroughs in key core technologies are both recent research hotspots, rigorous academic research just started, only focusing on speeches, news reports, and policy documents. Although some articles have mentioned the important role of IUR deep integration in breaking through key core technologies, there are almost no serious academic discussions on the specific path for breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration. In addition, research on the evolution of key core technologies also follows the general research paradigm of technology evolution, and has not yet cut into the internal structure of key core technologies. Therefore, this paper raises the following research questions: What are the dynamic evolution path and mechanism of private manufacturing leaders’ breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration?Given the research gaps and important practical significance, this paper takes Sany Group as an example, adopts exploratory single-case research design to deeply explore the evolution path of private manufacturing leaders’ breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration, and constructs a dynamic evolution model following core logic of “IUR deep integration — key core technology innovation capability enhancement — key core technology breakthrough”. Results show that: in the process of private manufacturing leaders’ breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration, IUR deep integration strategy undergoes a process of “loose → exploratory → exploitory → deep integration”; key core technology innovation capabilities follow path of “R&D and manufacturing capabilities of key core components → integrated innovation capabilities of key core technologies and process → self-developed and manufacturing capabilities of key core products → comprehensive digital innovation capabilities of key core products”; key core technology breakthroughs follow the path of “function breakthroughs → performance breakthroughs → reliability breakthroughs → frontier breakthroughs”.The main theoretical contributions of this paper are as follows: First, few studies deeply analyze the organizational strategy and evolution path of IUR deep integration. This paper identifies four evolution stages and four strategies of IUR deep integration, and constructs a dynamic evolution model for breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration, enriching research related to IUR deep integration. Second, existing research has not decomposed key core technology innovation capabilities. This paper concludes four key core technology innovation capabilities from the Sany case and identifies the interaction effects of step-by-step improvement and reverse promotion among four key core technology innovation capabilities, enriching research related to key core technology innovation capabilities. Third, existing research does not focus on the evolution mechanism of breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration. This paper explores the concrete evolution path of private manufacturing leaders’ breaking through key core technologies through IUR deep integration, and constructs a dynamic evolution model, enriching research related to evolution path of key core technologies.

海工装备复杂产品系统（Complex product systems, 简称CoPS）具有高市场竞争、强周期性的独特特征，现有研究对高端深海钻井装备企业如何实现关键核心技术快速突破尚缺乏深入分析。本文分析了中集海工钻井平台2008～2023年从并购进入技术溢出的快速演进过程：（1）在战略并购阶段，通过“并购型”资源编排让企业有机会将突破“冷启动”难题，主要专注于资源的“解构”和“结构化”，构建起“响应型”吸收速度，快速地建立起技术基础来支持“技术”层面突破；（2）在战略聚焦阶段，通过“聚焦型”资源编排搭建以“平台造平台”的创新模式，通过“重构”和“能力化”极大缩短了外部知识消化到应用的过程，构建起“转化型”吸收速度，加速了知识调用和更新，在“产品”层面快速实现突破；（3）在战略溢出阶段，中集通过“溢出型”资源编排,“本土化”和“杠杆化” 建立起企业韧性，极大加快了外部知识和内部知识整合并创造生产新知识的过程，构建起“统筹型”吸收速度，在国内外双圈联动过程中充分利用外部先进企业带动国内技术成熟度高的供应商，在“生态”层面实现突破。本文凝练出资源编排的“解构”和“重构”机制在实现关键核心技术快速突破过程中的重要作用。本文由此提出复杂产品系统企业资源编排加速关键核心技术突破的理论模型，扩展了资源编排和吸收速度两个领域理论研究，并为我国复杂产品系统领域关键核心技术加速突破的政策制定和企业实践提供有益启示。

Complex products of offshore equipment are characterized by high market competition and strong periodicity. However, there is still a lack of in-depth analysis on how high-end deep-sea drilling equipment enterprises achieve rapid breakthroughs in key core technologies. This paper analyzes the dynamic evolution process of CIMC offshore drilling platform from late enter to rapid innovation leader from 2008 to 2023. (1) In the stage of strategic merger and acquisition, through technology merger and acquisition, the "structuring" and "competence" of resources are achieved, and the "response speed" of market information is built, and the rapid breakthrough of functional technology is achieved. (2) In the strategic focus stage, through the "integration" of internal and external resources and the "transformation" of the system, improve the "transformation speed" of platform knowledge and achieve a rapid breakthrough in performance technology; (3) In the strategy spillover stage, CIMC utilizes the international market through "leveraging" and "localization" to drive the overall upgrading of domestic offshore industry and improve the "pooling speed" of industrial knowledge. This paper summarizes the important role of resource orchestration in the process of realizing the rapid breakthrough of key core technologies. This paper proposes a theoretical model for accelerating breakthroughs in key core technologies of enterprise resource orchestration for complex product systems, expands the theoretical studies in two fields of resource choreography and absorption rate, and provides useful enlightenment for the policy-making and enterprise practice for accelerating breakthroughs in key core technologies in complex product systems in our country.

研发活动是企业创新的重要途径，随着利益相关者对企业责任和数字经济的重视度提升，ESG和数字化转型在企业发展中的重要性也愈加凸显。基于2010-2019年中国上市公司的面板数据，采用双向固定效应模型，研究企业研发投入、企业ESG表现与企业市场价值之间的关系机理，以及数字化水平在其中的调节效应。研究发现，企业研发投入有助于提升企业的市场价值；企业研发投入会使得企业的ESG表现更好，且企业ESG表现在企业研发投入对其市场价值的影响中存在部分中介作用；企业的数字化水平在企业研发投入对企业ESG表现的提升中起到正向调节作用。此外，通过采用Sobel检验、替换变量法以及时间滞后项等方式对上述结果的稳健性进行了验证。根据结果，企业应该加大研发投入力度，加速数字化转型，提升企业ESG表现，从而更加有效的促进企业市场价值的提升。

R&D activities are an important way for enterprises to innovate. Enterprises in various countries are paying more and more attention to R&D activities, expecting to effectively promote the development and the competitiveness of the company to enhance the market value. In addition, as stakeholders pay more attention to corporate responsibility and the digital economy, the importance of ESG and digital transformation in corporate development has become increasingly prominent. Based on the panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2019, this study adopts a two-way fixed-effects model, controlling for individual and time fixed effects. This paper studies the relationship between corporate R&D investment, corporate ESG performance and corporate market value, as well as the moderating effect of digitalization. This paper deeply explores the impact and mechanism of corporate R&D investment on corporate market value, and at the same time examines whether ESG plays an intermediary role. At the same time, the article tests the moderating effect of corporate digitization level in corporate R&D investment on corporate ESG performance. The study found that corporate R&D investment can help improve the market value of enterprises; corporate R&D investment will make enterprises' ESG performance better, and corporate ESG performance has a partial intermediary role in the impact of corporate R&D investment on its market value; the digitalization of enterprises Level plays a positive regulating role in the improvement of corporate R&D investment on corporate ESG performance. In addition, the robustness of the above results is verified by using Sobel test, substitution variable method and time lag term. According to the results, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: First, it is recommended that the government and social organizations jointly create an environment for active research and development. They can jointly do a good job in the top-level design of enterprise digitalization. This can optimize the business environment to protect SMEs. Second, it is suggested that corporate investors should not only pay attention to corporate financial performance and scale, but also non-financial performance such as corporate environmental performance and social responsibility score when selecting investment targets. This not only ensures the sustainable development of the invested enterprise, but also ensures that the investor's investment has long-term returns. At the same time, it is recommended that enterprises take their own business model as a breakthrough, use existing resources to focus on the overall coordination of digital technology and original resources, and pay attention to the unity of internal digital systems. Third, it is suggested that the government can improve the official corporate ESG evaluation system and information disclosure system, and can also make appropriate incentive policies based on the ESG performance of enterprises. At the same time, the government or relevant departments can reform and improve the market management system and administrative approval process that may hinder the digital transformation of enterprises, so as to help enterprises accurately apply digital technology. In this way, potential risks that are not conducive to the digital transformation of enterprises can be smoothly resolved, thereby helping enterprises to smoothly transition to the "pain period" of digital transformation.