数据资源的开放共享是释放数字经济创新活力的重要抓手,评估政府开放数据的创新效应对推动经济社会高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以相继上线的地方政府数据开放平台为研究场景,构建多期倍差模型,实证检验了政府数据开放对企业创新的影响。研究发现,政府数据开放显著提升了企业创新水平,拓展了企业创新边界,促进了企业数字技术创新,并且增强了企业创新效率与创新质量;机制分析发现,政府数据开放通过联动人才要素、资本要素,推动企业数字化转型,从而促进企业创新;并且,在政府数据开放水平更高、知识产权保护更好、高新技术企业以及信息化投入更高的企业,政府数据开放的创新促进作用更为显著。本文从数据资源视角拓展了企业创新理论研究,为加快数字政府建设,完善政府数据资源体系管理,深化创新驱动发展战略实施提供重要政策启示。

Open sharing of data resources is the key to release the innovation vitality of digital economy. Assessing the innovative impact of government data opening holds significant implications for fostering the advancing high-quality economic and social growth. Leveraging the successively launched local government data opening platforms, this paper employed a staggered difference-in-difference model to examine the effect of government data opening on enterprise innovation. The research results indicated that government data opening significantly elevates the level of enterprise innovation. The mechanism analysis revealed that government data opening, by leveraging talent and capital elements, propels enterprise digital transformation, thereby stimulating enterprise innovation. Furthermore, the innovation-promoting effect of government data opening is more pronounced in enterprises with higher levels of government data opening, stronger intellectual property rights protection, high-tech orientation, and increased investments in information technology. Further research found that, government data opening can foster both open innovation and digital technology innovation while enhancing innovation efficiency and quality. This study has extended the theoretical research on enterprise innovation from the perspective of data resources, thus providing significant policy recommendations for expediting the construction of digital government, enhancing the management of government data resource systems, and deepening the implementation of innovation-driven development strategies.