自贸试验区建设对中国企业创新的影响研究

doi:10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2024.04.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为中国新一轮制度创新的桥头堡，和政府“干中学”特色模式下的传统开发区演进，自由贸易试验区已然成为实现中国经济高质量发展目标的重要抓手。本文以自贸试验区设立为“准自然实验”，构建多期双重差分模型考察自贸试验区建设对企业创新活动的影响，研究发现：自贸试验区建设对企业创新能够产生显著而稳健的促进作用，但政策效果因企业控股性质、城市规模、自贸试验区区位和成立批次不同而存在差异。从作用机制看，自贸试验区建设仅能够通过加大税收优惠力度以推动企业创新水平提升，对于增强企业集聚和降低制度性交易成本未形成显著影响。此外，现阶段自贸试验区主要作用于区域内企业创新，对周边城市企业尚未产生显著的创新溢出效应。本文在丰富自贸试验区建设的微观效应研究、深化其对企业创新的具体激励机制理解等方面做出了贡献。

关键词: 自贸试验区, 企业创新, 准自然实验

Abstract: As the bridgehead of China's new round of institutional innovation and the policy change of the development zone under the characteristic mode of "learning by doing" by the government, the construction of the pilot free trade zone has become an important starting point to achieve the goal of high-quality economic development in China. This paper takes the establishment of the pilot Free trade zone as a "quasi-natural experiment" and uses the difference method to investigate the influence of the construction of the pilot free trade zone on the innovation activities of enterprises. The research finds that: Establishment of free trade area for the promotion of enterprise innovation can have a significant and steady, but there is a certain gap between specific policy effect and experience cognition, free trade area construction of large and medium-sized cities and small and medium-sized enterprises, state-owned enterprises, enterprise innovation promoting effect compared with smaller cities are more significant, large-scale enterprises and private owned enterprise, Inland and the third batch of pilot Free trade zones have a stronger incentive effect on enterprise innovation than coastal and the first and second batch of pilot Free trade zones. From the perspective of mechanism, although the construction of pilot free trade zones helps to promote enterprise agglomeration, improve the level of tax incentives, and reduce institutional transaction costs to a certain extent, it mainly promotes enterprise innovation through tax incentives in "policy rent". In addition, the pilot Free trade zone mainly affects the innovation of enterprises in the region, and there is no significant innovation spillover effect on enterprises in neighboring cities. The conclusions of this paper not only enrich the literature on the promotion of enterprise innovation by development zone policies, but also provide important theoretical basis and policy enlightenment for how to construct pilot free trade zones according to local conditions and better play their innovation incentive effect

Key words: pilot free trade zone, enterprise innovation, quasi-natural experiment

田成诗相瑞兵张焰朝. 自贸试验区建设对中国企业创新的影响研究[J]. 科研管理, 2024, 45(4): 101-110.

Tian Chengshi, Xiang Ruibing, Zhang Yanchao. Research on the influence of construction of pilot free trade zones on the innovation of Chinese enterprises[J]. Science Research Management, 2024, 45(4): 101-110.

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