关键词: 科技社团, 系统性文献综述, 理论模型, 国内研究

Abstract:    S&T societies are a key force to cope with the risks of globalization, and also constitute an integral part of Chinese national governance system and national innovation system. After more than 40 years of development, a large number of relevant domestic studies have been accumulated although the content are fragmented, which need to be sorted out and summarized urgently. Taking 420 related literatures from CAJD as samples, this paper adopted the systematic literature review method to present the current situation of domestic studies  on S&T society from six perspectives, which are carrier of periodicals, institution of author, research object, research type, research content, and theoretical basis. The result indicated that the amount of domestic studies on S&T society published in journals is limited, and the number of papers published in high-level journals is relatively small. As for the institution of the authors, most of the research are produced by a single author or by multiple authors from the same institution, and more than half of the authors come from S&T society itself. In terms of research object, both domestic and foreign S&T society are involved. What′s more, studies on domestic S&T society covered three levels including national, local and individual. In terms of research type, domestic studies on S&T society contains 7 research types, including countermeasures suggestion, theoretical exploration, practical case study, working experience summary, historical review, foreign experience introduction and description of current status. The content of domestic societies on S&T study covers social function, academic function, S&T innovation function, organizational management, organization development, theoretical exposition and related policy. As for the theoretical basis, most domestic studies on S&T society do not rely on specific theories. Besides the commonly used governance theory, other scattered theories such as organization theory, evaluation theory and innovation theory are also adopted. However, high-level journal paper on S&T societies are still lacking which cannot construct a systematic theoretical framework to lead the field. On the other hand, the majority of relevant research are practice-oriented and lack of theoretical basis. The fundamental reason lies in the chaos of the core of the domestic S&T society research field. 
   To solve this problem, we proposed the "concept-element-theory" model to re-integrate related research.First of all, we take the connotation of concept as the core to grasp the essential attribute of S&T society as a specific organization. Second, we take the key elements as starting points such as the structure, function, ability and performance of S&T society. Third, we further integrate the organizational theory, the governance theory and the innovation theory as basic support. 
    Suggestions for the future studies are as follows. First, the research institutions and universities should full play to their theoretical advantages to help clarify the theoretical orientation and promote cross-theory integration. Second, it′s essential to strengthen the support of high-quality professional journals and cultivate to enhance the integration of theory and practice. Third, practitioners need to be encouraged to participate in the research dialogue actively, and more attention should be paid on the selecting and summarizing of the best practice.

Key words: S&T society, systematic literature review, theoretical model, domestic study