首先基于创新效率评价的现有研究成果,构建高技术企业创新效率评价指标体系与模型。然后结合实地调研获取的数据,运用DEA方法,从效率、有效性、规模收益及投影分析四个方面,对吉林省151家高技术企业创新活动进行了评价与分析。结果表明,吉林省高技术企业创新综合效率偏低,不同类型企业创新效率差异较大,规模效率是导致创新综合效率偏低的主要因素;多数企业呈规模报酬递增态势,科技活动人员和科技活动经费投入过少是企业规模效率偏低的主要原因。最后提出企业创新效率改进目标、方案和相应政策建议。
Abstract
First, based on existing research, the research on the construction of evaluation index system and model for the innovation efficiency of high-tech enterprises is proceeded, and then the innovation activity of 151 high-tech enterprises in Jilin Province is evaluated and analyzed in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, returns to scale, and projection analysis by using DEA method and the data acquired though field survey. The result shows that the general level of innovation efficiency for high-tech enterprises is low, with significant discrepancy between different types of enterprises; and scale efficiency is the main factor that leads to low innovation efficiency; for most enterprises, returns to scale is increasing, and input of S&T personnel and funds is insufficient, leading on to low scale efficiency. Finally, the objective, program, and corresponding policy proposals to improve innovation efficiency of high-tech enterprises are offered on the basis of empirical analysis.
关键词
高技术企业 /
创新效率 /
DEA /
规模收益 /
投影分析
Key words
high-tech enterprise /
innovation efficiency /
DEA /
return to scale /
projection analysis
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Erkki Kaukomen. Evalution of scientific research in Finland [A].Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development(Hrsg.),The Evaluation of Scientific Research: Selected Experiences.Paris:OECD,1997.12-25.
[2] OECD.National Innovation System [C].Paris:OECD,1997.
[3] 埃弗雷德·M·罗杰斯,朱迪思·K·拉森著,范国鹰等译.硅谷热[M].北京:经济科学出版社,1985.
[4] Maria A.The evaluation of regional innovation and cluster policies: looking for new approaches [J].In Decentralization and Evaluaion,2000(4):276-315.
[5] 李晓钟,张小蒂.江浙区域技术创新效率比较分析[J].中国工业经济,2005(7):57-64.
[6] 虞晓芬,李正卫,池仁勇,施鸣炜.我国区域技术创新效率:现状与原因[J].科学学研究,2005(4):258-264.
[7] 白俊红,江可申,李婧,李佳.区域创新效率的环境影响因素分析-基于DEA-Tobit两步法的实证检验[J].研究与发展管理,2009(4):96-102.
[8] 池仁勇,唐根年.基于投入与绩效评价的区域技术创新效率研究[J].科研管理,2004(4): 23-27.
[9] 张宗益,周勇.基于SFA模型的我国区域技术创新效率的实证研究[J].中国软科学,2006(2): 125-128.
[10] 石峰.基于省际面板数据及DEA的区域创新效率研究[J].技术经济,2010(5):42-47.
[11] Jooh Lee, Eunsup Shim. Moderating effects of R&D on corporate growth in U.S. and Japanese hi-tech industries: an empirical study[J]. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 1995(6):179-191.
[12] Romijn H,Mike A.Innovation,networking and proximity:lessons from small high technology firms in the UK[J].Regional Studies,2002,36(1):81-86.
[13] Neelankavil J P,Alaganar V T.Strategic resource commitment of high-technology firms an international comparison[J].Journal of Business Research,2003(6):493-502.
[14] 郑坚,于云龙.高技术产业技术创新效率评价指标体系的构建[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2007(6):105-108.
[15] 官建成,陈凯华.我国高技术产业技术创新效率的测度[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2009(10):19-33.
[16] 韩晶.中国高技术产业创新效率研究-基于SFA方法的实证分析[J].科学学研究,2010(3):467-472.
[17] 夏冬.所有权结构与企业创新效率[J].南开管理评论,2003(3):32-36.
[18] 俞立平.企业性质与创新效率-基于国家大中型工业企业的研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2007(5):108-115.
[19] 冯宗宪,王青,侯晓辉.政府投入、市场化程度与中国工业企业的技术创新效率[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2011(4):3-17.
[20] 刘俊杰,傅毓维.基于DEA方法的高技术企业创新效率研究[J].科技管理研究,2008(3):28-30.
[21] 吴翠花,万威武祁敬宇,陈庆杰.科技型中小企业技术创新效率评价指标研究[J].生产力研究,2005(2):198-200.
[22] 钱燕云.企业技术创新效率和有效性的综合评价研究[J].科技管理研究,2004(1):51-53.
[23] Charnes A, Cooper W, Rhodes E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units[J].European Journal of Operational Researeh.1978(2):429-444.
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-08-0252);吉林大学"985工程"项目。
PDF(1576 KB)
