组织间学习通过影响集群知识存量和能力水平而作用于集群内生增长。以浙江省128家制造业集群企业为样本,构建了组织间学习对集群成长的内部机制模型并进行了检验。发现制造业集群中的组织间学习主要促进集体效率改进,而创新效应相对不足;组织间学习效应的发挥不仅取决于集聚内生动力,同时,间接受到离散力的负向调节。进而提出加强集群企业间学习和限制集群规模协同建设的对策,对有效发挥学习效应促进集群升级具有重要意义。研究结论对解释"学习效应弱化或高估"现象提供了较强的理论依据。
Abstract
Inter-organizational learning exerts an influence on the endogenous growth of cluster by affecting the stock of knowledge and the level of ability. By taking 128 enterprises in manufacturing cluster as samples, a model studying the internal mechanism that involves the effect of inter-organizational learning on the growth of cluster is constructed and the empirical test is conducted. The results show that the inter-organizational learning improves efficiency largely; however it does not enough to innovation effect. Inter-organization learning effect depends on not only gathering dynamic but also the negative moderating of discrete repulsion. Finally, the measures for strengthening the learning among enterprises in a cluster and limiting the scale of cluster are put forward, they have an important meaning for bring learning effect into play and promoting the upgrade of cluster. And the conclusions explain the phenomena that learning effect is either weakend or overrated and provide a powerfully theoretical basis.
关键词
组织间学习 /
集群成长 /
学习效应
Key words
inter-organizational learning /
growth of cluster /
learning effect
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 毛蕴诗,周燕. 硅谷机制与企业高速成长—再论企业与市场之间的关系[J].管理世界,2002(6):102-108.
[2] 邬爱其,超集群学习与集群企业转型成长:基于浙江卡森的案例研究[J].管理世界,2009(8):141-156.
[3] Asheim B.T.and A.Isaksen,2002,Regional Innovation Systems:the Integration of Local Sticky and Global Uniquitous Knowledge[J].Journal of Technology Transfer,Vol.27,pp.77-86.
[4] Bathelt,H.Malmberg,A.and P.Maskell,2004,Clusters and Knowledge:Local Buzz,Global Pipelines and the Process of Knowledge Creation[J].Progress in Human Geography,Vol.28,pp.31-56.
[5] Caron J H & Pouder R W. Technology clusters versus industry clusters: resources, networks, and regional advantages[J]. Growth and Change,2006,37(2):141-171.
[6] 王缉慈等.超越集群:中国产业集群的理论探索[M].科学出版社,2010(4):6-70.
[7] Grant R M.,1996,Toward a Knowledge-based theory of the firm[J].Strategic Management Journal,17:109-122.
[8] Jerry W. Gilley, Ann May cunich.,2000. Beyond the Learning Organization [M] Cambridge, 212 - 238.
[9] 李垣等.组织间学习、控制方式与自主创新关系研究[J].科学学研究,2008(1):199-204.
[10] Dyer,J.H.,and Singh,H., The Relational View:Cooperative Strategy and Sources of Inter-organizational Competitive Advantage[J].Academy of Management Journal, 1998,23(4):218-232.
[11] 何亚琼.区域创新网络中组织间学习机制研究[J].学术交流,2006(2):63-66.
[12] Capello,R., Agglomeration Economies and Urban Productivity: the Case of the High-tech Industry in the Milan Metropolitan Area.Paper presented in the 39th European Regional Science Association Congress in Dublin,1999:90-112.
[13] Gulati, R. Network location and learning : the influence of network resources and firm capabilities on alliance formation[J].Strategy Management Journal,1999,20(3):397-420.
[14] 芮明杰.造山:以知识和学习为基础的企业的新逻辑[J].管理科学学报,2002(3):14-24.
[15] Powell W,Peter B. Competitive cooperation in "biotechnology: learning through networks? Nohrian, Eccies K. Networks and organizations[M].Bostun: Harvard Business School Press,1992:57-110.
[16] Mabey,C.and G.Salaman,1995,Strategic Human Resource Management[J],Oxford:Blackwell.
[17] Maskell, Peter & Malmberg, Andets.Localised Learning and Industrial Competitiveness[J].Cambridge Journal of Economics,Oxford University Press,1999,23(2):85-167.
[18] Batheit H,Malmberg A,Maskell P.2004.Clusers and Knowledge:,local buzz,,global pipelines and the process of knowledge creation[J].Progress in Human Geography,28(1):31-56.
[19] Lorenzon,i G., Badenfuller, C. Creating a Strategic Center to Management a Web of Partners [J]. California Management Review. 1995, 37 (3): 146-163.
[20] Jorg & Meyer,1998.Understanding the Determinants of Vibrant Business Development : The Systemic Competitiveness Perspective. Draft paper.www.mesopartner.com, 2003.
[21] Swann P, Prevezer M.1996. A comparison of the dynamics of industrial clustering in computing and biotechnology[J]. Research Policy,25(7):1139-1157.
[22] 魏江,叶波.企业集群的创新集成:集群学习与挤压效应[J].中国软科学,2002 (12):39-43.
[23] 王国红著.知识溢出与产业集群中的企业学习研究[M].科学出版社,2010(6):43-97.
[24] 赵林捷等,组织间学习效果影响因素的实证研究—以汽车产业为例[J].研究与发展管理,2008(1):78-80.
[25] Uzzi,B.,1997,Social Structure and Competition in Inter-firm Networks:The Paradox of Embeddedness [J],Administrative Science Quarterly,Vol.42(1),pp.35-67.
[26] 邱皓政.量化研究与统计分析[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009:50-89.
基金
教育部人文社科基金(沿海发达地区产业集群成长能力锁定与突破路径研究:组织间学习视角编号:09YJC790200,2009.11-2012.12);国家自然基金(服务业集聚与二三产业协调发展:编号70973105,2008-2011);浙江省温州人经济研究中心基地课题:(基于组织间学习的浙江产业集群成长能力锁定与突破路径研究:以温州为例,编号10JDWZ03YB)。
PDF(956 KB)
