科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 21-33.DOI: 10.19571/j.cnki.1000-2995.2025.04.003

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

工程机械制造企业科技自立自强能力形成机制研究——基于徐工集团技术标准与知识产权协同视角

王举铎1,2，王黎萤1，陈劲3，马蕾4   

  1. 1.浙江工业大学中国中小企业研究院，浙江 杭州310023；
    2.浙江工业大学管理学院，浙江 杭州310023；
    3.清华大学经济管理学院，北京100084；
    4.南京理工大学公共事务学院，江苏 南京210094

  • 收稿日期:2024-11-13 修回日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-04-11
  • 通讯作者: 王黎萤
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目：“技术标准与知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的机理与路径研究”（19ZDA078，2019.12—2024.12）；浙江省科技厅软科学研究计划项目：“科技创新和产业创新深度融合重大问题研究”（2025C15004，2025.1—2025.12）；浙江省高校重大人文社科攻关计划项目：“重大任务牵引的科研创新联合体构建、模式改革与实施路径研究”（2024GH060，2024.12—2025.12）。

Research on the formation mechanism of technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability of the construction machinery manufacturing enterprises: A case study from the perspective of XCMG′s synergy of technical standards and intellectual property

Wang Juduo1,2, Wang Liying1, Chen Jin3, Ma Lei4   

  1. 1. China Institute for Small and Medium Enterprises, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China;
    2. School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China;
    3. School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
    4. School of Public Affairs, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2024-11-13 Revised:2025-02-06 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-04-11

摘要：    企业科技自立自强能力培育是我国以全面创新推进中国式现代化发展的重要支撑，其中知识产权作为互补性资产赋能技术标准升级为主导设计，是科技自立自强能力形成关键举措，但二者协同影响企业科技自立自强能力形成机制尚不明晰。为此本研究以工程机械制造领军企业徐州工程机械集团有限公司为例开展纵向单案例研究，探索技术标准与知识产权协同推进企业科技自立自强能力形成机制。研究发现：（1）企业科技自立自强能力由六维能力要素构成，包括科技创新自主和引领能力、国际市场开拓和竞争能力、制度规则主导和可控能力。（2）不同主导设计阶段技术标准与知识产权的协同方向从“同轨”转向“变轨”、协同相对速度演变方向为“单向异速—双向异速—同速—加速”。异质性协同行为形成防御、进攻、自主、共赢等协同机制，是企业科技自立自强能力构建过程机制。（3）主导设计阶段跃迁过程中协同相对速度驱动协同方向改变，呈现“异速受制同轨—同速驱动变轨—加速实现引领”变化趋势，这一过程使不同能力水平及能力组合升级，是实现科技自立自强能力提升的重要机制。本研究从“科技创新—市场发展—制度规则”三维框架深度解构企业科技自立自强能力内涵，以协同相对速度和协同方向全新视角开展二者协同行为动态演进研究，建构起二者协同对企业科技自立自强能力构建及提升机制，为我国以工程机械为代表的科技创新制造企业以全面创新推进中国式现代化发展提供重要启示。

关键词: 企业科技自立自强能力, 主导设计, 技术标准, 知识产权, 协同

Abstract:    The cultivation of enterprises′ technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability is an important support for China to promote the development of Chinese path to modernization through comprehensive innovation. Among them, the upgrading of intellectual property as a complementary asset enabling technology standard is the dominant design, which is a key measure for the formation of enterprises′ technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability. However, the process mechanism is still unclear. This study conducted a single case study based on XCMG, a leading enterprise in the construction machinery manufacturing industry, exploring the mechanism of the synergy between technical standards and intellectual property to promote the formation of technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability. The research found that: (1) the technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability is composed of six elements of capabilities, including independent and leading capabilities in technological innovation, development and competition capabilities in international market, leading and controllable capabilities in institutional rules; (2) technical standards and intellectual property in different dominant design stages has shifted the direction of synergistic from "same track" to "changing track", and the relative speed of their synergistic has evolved from "different speed-same speed -acceleration". heterogeneous synergistic behavior forms synergistic mechanisms such as defense, offense, autonomy, and win-win, which is the process mechanism for building technological self-reliance and self-improvement capabilities; and (3) during the transition process of leading the design phase, the collaborative relative velocity drives the change of collaborative direction, presenting a change of "different speeds constrained by the same orbit - same speed driven orbit change - acceleration leading". This process is the mechanism for upgrading different levels of capabilities and combinations to ultimately form the ability to achieve technological self-reliance and self-improvement. This research has deconstructed the connotation of enterprises′ technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability from the three-dimensional framework of "technological innovation-market development-institutional rules", carried out dynamic evolution exploration of their synergy behavior from a new perspective of the relative speed and direction of synergy, and constructed a mechanism for building and improving enterprises′ technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability based on the synergy of the two, and it will provide important enlightenment for China′s scientific and technological innovation manufacturing enterprises represented by construction machinery to comprehensively promote the development of Chinese path to modernization through innovation.

Key words: technological self-reliance and self-improvement capability, dominant design, technical standard, intellectual property, synergy