社会资本是存在于社会结构关系中的资源，也是触发负责任创新行为的重要因素。本文以资源基础理论和动态能力理论为基础，以适应性治理为调节变量，构建了“社会资本-资源重构-负责任创新”的影响关系模型，探究社会资本对负责任创新的影响机制。采用结构方程模型和模糊集定性比较分析对469份问卷进行分析，结论如下：（1）社会资本既能够直接正向影响负责任创新，也能够通过资源重构间接正向影响负责任创新，且适应性治理正向调节了社会资本与负责任创新之间的关系。（2）高结构资本和高关系资本联合触发负责任创新实现路径的解释力要大于其他两类模式。（3）不同维度的社会资本对负责任创新的影响具有差异性。较高的结构资本与关系资本均能够促进负责任创新的实施。而认知资本的缺乏是触发负责任创新的前因条件。研究结果揭示了社会资本影响负责任创新的内在机理，丰富了负责任创新的定量研究成果。

Social capital is a resource existing in the relationship of social structure, and it is also an important factor to trigger responsible innovation behavior. Based on the resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory, this paper constructed the influence relationship model of "social capital-resource reconstruction-responsible innovation" with adaptive governance as the moderating variable, and explored the influence mechanism of social capital on responsible innovation. Using the structural equation model and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze 469 questionnaires, the author of this paper drew the following conclusions: (1) Social capital can directly and positively affect responsible innovation, and can also indirectly and positively affect responsible innovation through resource reconstruction, and adaptive governance positively regulates the relationship between social capital and responsible innovation. (2) The explanatory power of the realization path of responsible innovation triggered by high structural capital and high relational capital is greater than that of the other two modes. (3) Different dimensions of social capital have different effects on responsible innovation. Higher structural capital and relational capital can promote the implementation of responsible innovation. Lack of cognitive capital is the prerequisite for triggering responsible innovation. The research results revealed the internal mechanism of social capital affecting responsible innovation and will enrich the quantitative research results of responsible innovation.