关键词: 知识产权保护, 高技术产业, Stackelberg均衡, 倒U型

Abstract:    Under the new development pattern of "dual circulation", high-tech industry export plays an important role in enhancing the global competitiveness of China′s high-tech industry, and it is also an important way to promote internal circulation through external circulation. Intellectual property right of import countries has been proved to be a significant variable affecting the export of high-tech industry of export countries, but literatures rarely discuss its role from the perspective of product competition while exporter is an emerging market country.By building a game model under the framework of product competition, the authors of this paper examined the impact mechanism of the import country′s intellectual property right on the export performance of export country′s high-tech industry. Using China′s export data of high-tech industry to 149 countries（regions） from 2007 to 2018 as samples, we empirically tested the influence and mechanism of import country′s intellectual property right on China′s high-tech industry exports. The results showed that the import country′s intellectual property right and China′s high-tech industry exports have a significant inverted U-shaped relationship, which is still robust after controlling for product classification, technical fields and endogeneity. Combined with the binary marginal analysis method, it is concluded that under the effect of market competition, the "increase in quantity and decline in price" is the main reason for the inverted U-shaped comprehensive effect. The quantity margin of China′s high-tech product exports increases with the improvement of the intellectual property right level of the import country, while the export price margin decreases. This result is different from the traditional research which use the market power effect to explain the decline of export. At the same time, the improvement of patent application capability can positively adjust export performance. The research in this paper has not only enriched the test of the impact of intellectual property rights on international trade, but also provided a reference for the formulation of high-tech industry development policies and intellectual property international cooperation policies under the new development pattern.Based on the previous analysis, our suggestions are as follow: Firstly, in the building of a new development pattern, in order to promote the export of China′s high-tech industries, the international cooperation in intellectual property right between China and other countries（regions） should formulate different strategies according to their level of development. For countries with a low level of intellectual property right, such as developing countries（regions） along the "Belt and Road", more attention should be paid to provide intellectual property right assistance to these countries（regions）, to help these countries（regions） improve their own intellectual property systems, and improve their legislation and enforcement of intellectual property right, thereby enhancing the positive role of intellectual property in promoting the export of high-tech industry. On the other hand, for countries（regions） with a high level of intellectual property right, such as some developed countries（regions） in Europe and the United States, cooperation should focus on improving the convenience of cross-border patent applications, simplifying patent application and confirmation procedures through bilateral and multilateral negotiations, and assisting enterprises in the overseas layout of patents, in order to demonstrate the strong growth momentum and technological innovation capability of Chinese enterprises in recent years, and provide guarantee for the export of China′s high-tech industry.Secondly, for China high-tech enterprises "going out", they should continue to strengthen the innovation-driven strategy under the "dual circulation" pattern, further increase investment in research and development, and improve their independent innovation capabilities, so as to maintain their advantages in the process of competition with foreign enterprises. At the same time, more attention should be paid to patent application in target market countries, and the intellectual property system should be used to safeguard their own interests, thus escorting "China′s intelligent manufacturing" to go overseas.

Key words: intellectual property right protection, high-tech industry, Stackelberg equilibrium, inverted U-shape