关键词: 自主创新, 创新主体, 制度逻辑, 逻辑冲突, 实施机制

Abstract:    In the process of China′s striving for an innovative country, the National Middle- and Long-Term Plan for Science and Technology Development (2006-2020) plays a vital role, and in the plan "indigenous innovation" was proposed, which triggers a significant change in the national innovation system. Three types of institutional logics are concluded from the perspective of institutional logics, namely, academia logic, market logic and state logic. Conflicts aroused by the multiple logics within the main innovative actors in the national innovation system (including the universities and government research institutes, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises and foreign enterprises) are explored. By combining the logic compatibility and cost paying for achieving non-dominant logics′ requirements, the conflicts are divided into four types, namely no conflict, minimal conflict, moderate conflict, and extensive conflict. The causes leading to actors′ inefficient performance are analyzed subsequently. The findings show that under the guidance of the dominant logics, the innovative actors have achieved great success and the indigenous innovation capability of China is also improved significantly. However, the innovative outcomes in some areas still need to be improved when innovative actors facing logic conflicts. Under the academia logic, the universities and research institutes have promoted the development of basic science, which laid foundation of the improvement in China′s indigenous innovation capability. With the low compatibility between academia logic and market logic, as well as the low cost to meet the requirements of market logic, the conflict of the two logics within the universities and research institutes is moderate. The low compatibility between academia logic and state logic, and the low cost to meet the requirements of state logic also trigger moderate conflict in the universities and research institutes. As a result, the market transformation and application of their innovative outcomes still need to be improved. The private and foreign enterprises have invested much in the R&D activities and gained lots of innovative outcomes under the guidance of market logic. Some enterprises have ranked at the forefront in the world. However, the cooperation with universities and research institutes needs to be improved due to the minimal conflict resulting from high compatibility between market logic and academia logic, and the high cost when achieving the goals of academia logic. Besides, due to the low compatibility between market logic and state logic, and high cost to realize indigenous innovation, which is required by state logic, the conflict of the two logics is extensive. Thus, only few enterprises have achieved indigenous innovation. For the state-owned enterprises, under the guidance of state logic, significant breakthroughs have emerged in some sensitive and essential fields, which are related to the security of our country and interests of the whole society. Similar to the private and foreign enterprises, the conflict between state logic and academia logic is minimal, and the industry-university-research institute collaboration still needs to be enhanced. With the low compatibility between state logic and market logic, and the low cost of satisfying the needs of market logic, there emerges moderate conflict between these two logics, which lead to low efficiency and profitability of the enterprises.Finally, based on the analysis and according to the findings, this paper also provides possible paths to mitigate conflicts according to different positionings. Besides, this paper also provides some suggestions of constructing national innovation system and formulating policies.

Key words:  indigenous innovation, innovative actor, institutional logic, logic conflict, implementation mechanism