以2017年人才争夺战作为观测点，基于政策扩散理论，运用fsQCA方法探讨了江西省26家上市公司人才政策前后企业创新绩效的动态路径变化。研究发现：（1）人才政策对企业创新绩效发展存在驱动效应；（2）人才政策下企业高创新绩效路径逐渐集中且主导因素向企业内部投入转变；（3）人才政策对企业策略性创新行为倾向有抑制作用，且形成殊途同归的异质性路径。本研究丰富了人才政策与企业技术创新相关研究，为人才政策驱动企业技术创新提供了新的路径解释。
Abstract
Since 2017, there have been frequent promulgations of central and local talent policies. The government expects to stimulate technological innovation of enterprises through talent policies. But how exactly do talent policies diffuse and transmit to promote the technological innovations of enterprises? There is little discussion on the relationship between talent policies and enterprise technological innovation, and there is also a lack of exploration on the path of enterprise technological innovation driven by talent policies. Based on the policy diffusion theory, the paper takes the 2017 talent scramble as an observation point to integrate the motives and dynamics of enterprise technological innovation from three levels of talent policy grafting government resources, driving enterprise resources, and attracting social resources into a unified framework, and uses the fsQCA method to explore the linkage effects and dynamic path changes of corporate innovation performance of 26 listed companies in Jiangxi Province before the release of talent policy (2016) and after the implementation of talent policy (2018 and 2019). It is found that: (1) single factors such as government subsidies, enterprise resources, and commercial credit do not constitute the necessary conditions for the performance of enterprises′ technological innovation. The explanatory power of single antecedent conditions is weak, and the combination of multiple antecedent conditions is necessary to explain; (2) The driving factors such as government subsidies, enterprise resources and business credit form heterogeneous paths with different paths. In addition, there are obvious differences in the driving paths of enterprises′ technological innovation performance before and after the implementation of the talent policy, showing a gradual concentration and a shift of the dominant factor to the internal input of enterprises, and forming three configuration patterns explained independently by government subsidies elements, jointly explained by government subsidies and enterprise resources, and jointly explained by enterprise resources and external credit factors; (3) The percentage of invention patents increases and the percentage of non-invention patents decreases with the support of talent policy, which indicates that talent policy has an inhibitory effect on the strategic innovation behavior of the enterprise, validating the view that "talent policy has a signaling function of resource grafting". Finally, the study offers thoughts from both the government and enterprises. The government should continue to focus on the driving and penetrating effects of talent policy implementation, actively release the signal of talent policy support, and drive and collaborate with social resources to promote enterprise technological innovation; enterprises should make full use of the resource advantages of talent policy support, break through their own resource constraints, strengthen the linkage between government, enterprises and social factors to match the role of targeted strategies to improve enterprise technological innovation performance.The paper reveals the core conditions and driving paths of enterprise technological innovation driven by talent policy from a configuration perspective, and compares the configuration differences before and after talent policy, providing a holistic perspective on the complex interactions and causal asymmetric relationship between the conditions of enterprise technological innovation, offering new path explanations for talent policy-driven enterprise technological innovation, and enriching the research on the effects of talent policy.
关键词
人才政策 /
技术创新 /
动态路径 /
fsQCA
Key words
talent policy /
technological innovation /
dynamic path /
fsQCA
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基金
国家社会科学基金项目：“自愿型环境规制(VER)推动矿企生态创新的机理、效应和路径研究”（21BGL187，2021.09—2024.12）；江西省重点研究基地项目：“矿业企业环境信息披露的动态路径研究”（JD21092，2021.11—2023.12）；江西理工大学创新专项资金项目：“人才大战背景下赣州市人才引进政策效果评价”（XS2020-S031，2020.10-2022.06）。
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