关键词: 专利风险感知, 组织控制, 机会识别, 技术创业绩效

Abstract:     As an effective means to improve the quality and efficiency of the real economy, technological entrepreneurship is an inevitable choice to solve the deep-seated contradictions and problems in current economic development. It is also important to accelerate the transformation of economic development model, adjust economic structure, and raise the quality and efficiency of economic development. What′s more, technological entrepreneurship is also a concrete measure to implement "high-quality development" as one of the important guiding ideologies of economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee. However, the success rate of technological entrepreneurship in our country is about 25%, and the real industrialization rate is less than 5%, which is far from 80% conversion rate in developed countries. There are many reasons for the above situation, and the high patent risk index is one of the important reasons. The core resource of technological entrepreneurship is patents, and China′s patent risk index ranks second in Asia. There are many patent risks in the process of technological entrepreneurship. There are many patent risks in the process of technological entrepreneurship. However, China′s technological entrepreneurs have insufficient patent risk perception in general, which weakens the ability to avoid patent risks in the process of technological entrepreneurship and greatly reduces the performance of technological entrepreneurship in China. In order to improve the performance of China′s technological entrepreneurship and promote high-quality economic development, we must attach great importance to the patent risk perception ability in the process of technological entrepreneurship.However, the existing relevant achievements have the following shortcomings: First, there is a lack of systematic research results on the relationship between patent risk perception, organizational control, opportunity identification, entrepreneurship policy and technology entrepreneurship performance; Second, whether the existing relationships among risk perception, organizational control, opportunity identification, entrepreneurial policy and entrepreneurial performance are suitable for patent risk perception, organizational control, opportunity identification, entrepreneurial policy and technological entrepreneurial performance need to be verified; Third, the existing measurement of patent risk perception and entrepreneurship policy is far from the reality, especially not suitable for China′s national condition. Therefore, this paper uses social cognition theory to construct a theoretical model of the relationship among patent risk perception, organizational control, opportunity identification, entrepreneurial policy, and technological entrepreneurial performance. Through model fitting and regression analysis on 317 valid questionnaires, it is concluded that organizational control and opportunity identification play a mediating role in the impact of patent risk perception on technological entrepreneurship performance, and entrepreneurial policy have a moderating role in patent risk perception affecting technological entrepreneurship performance through opportunity identification, and so on. After a detailed analysis of the above conclusions, we finally obtained the three innovation points of this research and put forward the following four policy recommendations based on the innovation points: first, various factors should be comprehensively considered to improve the performance of technology entrepreneurship; second, the ability of organizing and controlling patent risk should be strengthened in the process of technological entrepreneurship; third, the ability of identifying technological entrepreneurship opportunities should be improved; fourth, the comprehensive application ability of entrepreneurship policies should be improved; and finally, the limitations and prospects of the research should be put forward.

Key words: perception of patent risk, organizational control, opportunity recognition, technological entrepreneurship performance