基于专利位序-规模的区域技术创新能力测度

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 技术创新能力直接关系到一个地区的经济与社会发展水平与可持续发展能力，关系一个地区乃至整个国家的核心竞争力。在构建人类命运共同体的进程中，科技创新发挥着至关重要的推动作用，是实施创新驱动发展战略的关键所在。对于区域技术创新能力的量化测度，可以更好地对区域创新水平进行评估与定位。文章基于全国各省2008-2018年的创新活动数据，以授权专利数量作为区域技术创新能力的主要测试指标，分析专利数量位序-规模分布特征，进一步了解了各省技术创新能力变化情况。文章首先对各省专利数量进行统计与对比，然后分析了GDP与R&D投入对区域创新的影响，发现我国区域创新水平出现不协调的问题，但单位数据无法评估具体发展情况。因此，文章假设授权专利数量规模符合Zipf定律，利用全国34个省近十年来授权专利数量的统计数据，通过求取Zipf定律的参数值k并划分不同标度区，分析整体创新集中度趋势以及规模——位序变化特征。研究发现，我国授权专利数量规模具有分段特征，大体可以划分2个标度区，以广东、江苏、浙江等经济较为发达的省为第一标度区，以广西、云南、山西等经济欠发达的省为第二标度区，并分析了标度区范围、分段特征和各标度区分布变化规律，从而衡量全国各省技术创新能力的变化情况。文章基于授权专利数量，分析各个区域创新集聚程度，为更好地加强区域间的交流与合作，促进各个区域之间的协同发展提出建议。

关键词: 专利, Zipf定律, 创新能力

Abstract: The ability of technological innovation can be directly related to the level of the economic and social development as well as the sustainable development of a region. What is more, it is closely related to the core competitiveness of a region and even of the whole country. In the process of building a community of the shared future for mankind, the scientific and technological innovation plays a quite important role as a driving force as well as a key to promoting the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy. The quantitative measurement of the regional technological innovation capability has the ability to better make an evaluation and orientation to the innovation level in each region. Based on the available data of innovation activities in all provincial-level regions of China from 2008 to 2018, this paper not only takes the number of authorized patents as the main test index of regional technological innovation ability, but also analyzes the distribution characteristics of the order-scale distribution of the number of patents, and in the end makes a further understanding of the changing situation of technological innovation ability in each provincial-level region.
In the first place, this paper carries on the statistic and the comparisons to the number of patents in each provincial-level region, and then does an analysis about the certain impact of GDP and R & D investment on regional innovation. It can be found that the regional innovation level in our country is now suffering from the uncoordinated problems, but the unit data cannot evaluate the specific development well. Therefore, according to the above analysis and reasons, this paper puts forward a possible hypothesis that both the number and scale of authorized patents conform to the Zipf′s law. On the basis of the statistical data of all the 34 provincial-level regions in our country in the recent ten years, this paper can calculate and obtain the parameter value k of the Zipf′s law, which can be next divided into different scale areas so as to analyze the trend of the overall innovation concentration and the characteristics of its scale-order changes.
From the empirical analysis, it can be found that the scale of the number of authorized patents in China has the characteristics of segmentation and it can be roughly divided into two different scale areas, where Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other fairly economically developed provincial-level regions can be taken as the first scale area, and Guangxi, Yunnan, Shanxi and other economically underdeveloped provincial-level regions as the second scale area. In addition, this paper analyzes the scope of the scale area, the characteristics of segmentation as well as the distribution of each scale area, in order to measure the changing situation of the technological innovation ability of provincial-level regions in the whole country.
In conclusion, based on the number of authorized patents, this paper analyzes the degree of innovation agglomeration in each region, and according to the empirical conclusion, it puts forward a few effective related suggestions for better strengthening the exchanges and cooperation and promoting the coordinated development between regions in China.

Key words: patent, Zipf′s law, innovation ability

谷斌赵雪琦. 基于专利位序-规模的区域技术创新能力测度[J]. 科研管理, 2022, 43(11): 172-181.

Gu Bin, Zhao Xueqi. The measurement of regional technological innovation capability based on the bit sequence and size of patents[J]. Science Research Management, 2022, 43(11): 172-181.

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