基于科学的创新：研究回顾与展望

李欣融; 张庆芝; 雷家骕

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科研管理 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1) : 1-13.

论文

基于科学的创新：研究回顾与展望

李欣融¹,张庆芝²,雷家骕¹

作者信息 +

Science-based innovation: A research review and prospects

Li Xinrong¹, Zhang Qingzhi²，Lei Jiasu¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

基于科学的创新是指强烈依赖于科学进展、由前沿科学知识推动的产业技术创新，包含了新想法的产生、研究、开发、试制、生产制造和首次商业化的全过程。时至今日，基于科学的创新受到了西方学者的重点关注，他们围绕西方情境进行了大量的理论探讨与实证检验。但由于研究比较分散，研究视角、层次、问题的差异，特别是缺乏系统的文献梳理，导致这一创新范式在国内还没有得到足够的关注和讨论。因此，本文采用系统性文献综述法，对国内外相关文献进行检索，共识别出英文文献258篇、中文文献52篇。基于这些文献，本文全面梳理了国内外基于科学的创新的研究脉络，包括相关概念、特征、过程与模式以及创新范式的演进。同时，本文从创新维和企业维梳理了基于科学的创新知识框架。最后，本文提出了未来潜在的研究方向，以期为后续研究提供参考。

Abstract

Schumpeter, the originator of innovation theory, defined innovation as the process of obtaining potential profits by introducing new combinations of production factors into things and activities in the production system. At present, according to the knowledge sources of industrial technological innovation, innovation could be divided into "technology-based (promotion) innovation" and "scientific-based (discovery) innovation". Science refers to the knowledge system that reflects the essence and law of objective things, and is the rational understanding of objective world things on the basis of practice and verification or logical reasoning. However, science-based innovation is not a simple combination of science and innovation. According to Coriat′s definition in 2003, science-based innovation refers to the industrial technological innovation that is strongly dependent on scientific progress and driven by cutting-edge scientific knowledge, including the whole process of new ideas generation, research, development, trial production, manufacturing and first commercialization. Up to now, science-based innovation research has attracted the attention of foreign scholars, who have carried out a large number of theoretical discussions and empirical analyses. However, the concept of science-based innovation was not contextually defined until 2012 in China. This innovation paradigm has not received enough academic attention and peer discussion in Chinese context due to the scattered research, the differences in research perspectives, levels and issues, especially lack of systematic literature review.
Therefore, this paper adopted systematic literature review method. In February 2021, using the Science Citation Index Expanded Edition (SCIE) and Social Sciences Citation Index Edition (SSCI) within Web of Science Core Collection database (WOS) as well as the Peking University Core Index (PKU Core) and Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (CSSCI) databases within China National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), 258 English literatures and 52 Chinese literatures were identified. It was found that the relevant research on science-based innovation started in 1986, and in the following 34 years, the number of literatures increased year by year, showing that scholars′ interest in this filed has been continuously maintained and enhanced.
On the basis of these literatures, this paper carried out a follow-up review study, which is arranged as follows: The first part of this paper analyzed the basic situation of the 310 literatures and compares them from four aspects of time, space, journal distribution and research field to find out the current research status domestically and internationally. The second part of this paper combed the research context, including related concepts, characteristics, subjects, processes and models, and summarized the four stages of the evolution of science-based innovation paradigm since the 19th century. The third part of this paper constructed a knowledge framework for science-based innovation research, and summarized relevant researches and main conclusions from two different dimensions of innovation and enterprise dimension separately. Innovation dimension included individual, organizational and environmental factors while enterprise dimension included the creation, growth and governance of the enterprise.
Finally, this paper proposed several future research directions, such as nonlinear process model, institutional orientation, technology recombination and corporate governance, in order to provide reference for future research of science-based innovation.

导出引用

李欣融张庆芝雷家骕. 基于科学的创新：研究回顾与展望[J]. 科研管理. 2022, 43(1): 1-13

Li Xinrong, Zhang Qingzhi, Lei Jiasu. Science-based innovation: A research review and prospects[J]. Science Research Management. 2022, 43(1): 1-13

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基金

国家社会科学基金重点项目：“我国经济安全保障体系研究”（20AZD112，2021—2024）；深圳市重大调研课题项目：“国家实验室创新生态内涵、特征与创建路径研究”（012110000824，202107—202112）；国家自然科学基金：“基于科学的创新：知识转移、学术创业及企业成长”（72072170，2021—2024）。