技术创业企业商业模式创新前因的组态效应

郭韬; 李盼盼; 乔晗

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科研管理 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1) : 1-9.

论文

技术创业企业商业模式创新前因的组态效应

郭韬¹,²,李盼盼¹,乔晗³

作者信息 +

The configuration effect of antecedents of business model innovation of technology start-ups

Guo Tao^1,2, Li Panpan¹, Qiao Han³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为剖析技术创业企业商业模式创新多重前因的联动效应，基于商业模式冰山理论构建了商业模式创新前因的组态模型，以31家技术创业企业为样本, 采用模糊集定性比较分析方法，分析了技术创业企业商业模式创新多重前因的联动效应。研究结果表明：（1）技术创业企业商业模式创新具有“多重并发”和“殊途同归”的特点，单一要素难以构成商业模式创新的必要条件；（2）网络嵌入与资源整合能力的协同作用对技术创业企业商业模式创新至关重要；（3）在高度的环境不确定情况下，资源整合能力和机会识别能力的协同作用，以及网络嵌入和战略柔性的协同作用是技术创业企业商业模式创新的重要途径。本研究进一步发展了商业模式冰山理论，丰富了商业模式创新前因的研究成果，为解释既有研究的分歧提供了新视角，也为技术创业企业根植自身情境实现商业模式创新提供了理论指导。

Abstract

As an important carrier for the public entrepreneurship and innovation, technology start-ups have always faced the dual pressure of "newborn weakness" and environmental uncertainty. Business model innovation is an important way for technology start-ups to adapt to the dynamic environment, gain competitive advantages and achieve rapidly growth, which is the result of linkage and matching of multiple antecedents, and changes in any antecedent can bring about a series of chain reactions. In addition, there are significant differences in the environmental and resource conditions between start-ups and incumbents. Therefore, it is an important issue to clarify the antecedent elements of business model innovation of technology start-ups, and the linkage matching model of antecedent elements.
Existing research literatures have different opinions on the antecedent conclusions of business model innovation. Due to the limitations of methods, those literatures mainly focus on the "net effect" of a single factor, or the mediating effect or moderating effect of up to three variables, the lack of a completed framework of antecedent factors based on authoritative theory, which can′t fully explain the complexity of cause and effect between antecedents, and not to mention to answer to the question "how to achieve business model innovation" from the perspective of integration. Based on the perspective of system management, the iceberg theory of business model and the CET@I analysis framework are proposed, and the interaction of influencing factors of business model is investigated, providing a theoretical framework for the research on the antecedents of business model innovation. Meantime, as an effective method to explore the "synergistic effect" and "interaction relationship", Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) explores the complex mechanism of multiple antecedents on the result from a configuration perspective, which is an effect tool to analyze the antecedents of business model innovation of technology start-ups under the iceberg theory of business model and the CET@I analysis framework.
To analyze the linkage effect of various antecedents of technology start-ups′ business model innovation, a configuration model of antecedents of business model innovation is constructed based on the iceberg theory of business model. Taking 31 technology start-ups as case samples and carry out empirical analysis by the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method. The main results are as follows: (1) Business model innovation of technology start-ups is "multiple concurrency" and "principle equifinality", single element cannot constitute the necessary conditions for business model innovation. (2) The synergy of network embedding and resource integration capability is essential to the business model innovation of technology start-ups. (3) Under the circumstances of high environmental uncertainty, the synergy of resource integration capability and opportunity identification capability, the synergy of network embedding and strategic flexibility are important ways for technology start-ups to achieve their business model innovation.
The research is an important complement of the iceberg theory of business model, and enriches the research results of antecedents of business model and provides a new perspective to eliminate paradox existing research by introduced the fsQCA method into the research. The conclusion provides theoretical guidance for technology start-ups to cultivate business model innovation capability based on their own situations.

导出引用

郭韬李盼盼乔晗. 技术创业企业商业模式创新前因的组态效应[J]. 科研管理. 2021, 42(1): 1-9

Guo Tao, Li Panpan, Qiao Han. The configuration effect of antecedents of business model innovation of technology start-ups[J]. Science Research Management. 2021, 42(1): 1-9

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基金

国家自然科学基金面上项目：“商业模式二次创新与制度创新共演的路径和机理研究——基于开放系统视角”（71872171，2019.01—2022.12）；教育部人文社科规划基金项目：“科技型创业企业商业模式演化机理及对策研究：演化博弈的视角”（18YJA630031，2018.07—2021.07）；黑龙江省自然科学基金项目：“区域军民科技协同创新生态系统演化机制及对策研究：以黑龙江省为例”（LH2019G004，2019.07—2022.07）；黑龙江省社会科学基金青年项目：“价值网络嵌入对科技型创业企业商业模式创新的影响机制研究：以黑龙江省为例”（19GLC163，2019.07—2022.06）；黑龙江省博士后科研启动金项目：“区域创新环境对装备制造企业创新能力的影响及对策研究”（LBH—Q18046，2019.01—2020.12）。