提升研究生科研创造力是研究生教育体制改革的核心目标之一，已有研究重点从个性特征、导师因素探讨研究生科研创造力的影响因素，鲜见后天因素与团队氛围因素的考察。基于社会认知理论，旨在探讨个体科研经历，师门差错管理氛围对科研创造力的影响及其作用机制。以来自山东、北京、天津、上海四省/市部分科研院校的61个师门311名全日制研究生为被试。研究发现：科研经历对科研自我效能、科研创造力有显著正向影响；科研自我效能感对科研创造力有显著正向影响，并且在科研经历与科研创造力关系中具有部分中介作用；师门差错管理氛围对科研自我效能感、科研创造力的跨层正向影响显著；科研自我效能感在师门差错管理氛围与科研创造力关系中具有完全中介作用。

Improving the research creativity of graduate students is one of the core targets of graduate education system reform. Prior researches exploring the influencing factors of research creativity of graduate students mainly focused on individual traits and mentor but neglected the roles of individual experience and team climate. Drawing on social cognitive theory, this paper aims to explore whether and how individual research experience and error management climate of “Shimen” affect research creativity. Data is collected form four provinces and municipalities including Shandong, Beijing, Tianjing, Shanghai and respondents are 311 full-time graduate students of 61 “Shimen”. Results indicate that research experience(RE) positively affects research self-efficacy(RSE) and research creativity(RC); research self-efficacy has positive effect on research creativity and partially mediates the relationship between RE and RC; error management climate of “Shimen”(EMC) positively affects RSE,RE, and RSE completely mediates EMC-RC.