大学衍生企业作为科研成果商业化的主要途径，其成长性一直是国内外学术界研究的热点问题。本文基于角色认同视角，以203家中国大学衍生企业为研究样本，通过问卷调查并利用结构方程模型实证检验了学者创业角色、创业导向以及大学衍生企业创业绩效之间的关系，研究结果表明：（1）学者创业角色促进了衍生企业创业绩效的提升；（2）学者创业角色对创业导向产生了积极作用；（3）创业导向对学者创业角色与衍生企业创业绩效之间的关系具有部分中介作用。

The growth of university spin-offs, as the main way to the commercialization of R & D results, has become a hot issue in the domestic and international academics. Based on the perspective of role identity, the paper empirically examines the relationships among academic entrepreneur’s role, entrepreneurial orientation, university spin-offs’ performance by using the questionnaire survey and structural equation model. The empirical findings based on 203 university spin-offs in China suggest that academic entrepreneur’s role promotes the improvement of university spin-offs’ performance, and academic entrepreneur’s role has a positive effect on entrepreneurial orientation. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation plays a partial mediating effect between academic entrepreneur’s role and university spin-offs’ performance.