汽车召回是新形势下我国汽车产业“走出去”发展战略的重要内容。本文基于美国47年、中国10年及国内Top20汽车制造商召回的面板数据，在召回指标体系框架下，采用非参数配对的假设检验方法测度了中国与同为汽车产销大国美国的召回差距，并探析了中国汽车召回存在的问题及落后的原因。结果表明：最近十年中美两国汽车销量尽管无显著差异，但中国汽车召回却远落后于美国；我国政府主管部门强制召回缺失是召回落后的最根本原因；我国汽车制造商单批次召回量与美国相差不大，而召回次数却严重不足；自主品牌的召回积极性远不如合资品牌车企；合资品牌不同车系的车企尽管召回态度基本一致，但与该品牌在国外市场的召回积极性相比仍有很大差距。

Under new conditions of globalization, one essential part to successfully implement “Going Global” strategy is the development of vehicle recalls. With the panel data of U.S.’s 47-years, China’s 10-years and top 20 automobile manufacturers’ in China, this paper, using the paired comparison analysis, explores the gap of recall issues between these two countries who occupy the first two places of automobile sales in the world. Also, we devolve into the root causes of the gap. The results indicate that despite close sales of two countries in last decade, China lag far behind U.S. in vehicle recalls. Devoid of passive recalls initiated by government is the primary cause of the gap. Although China and U.S. have parallel volume of vehicles involved in a certain recall event, there is a substantial difference in recall numbers. Joint-venture auto makers are more likely to announce a recall than self-owner ones. Although there is no difference in recall attitude among joint-venture manufacturers, their corresponding brands in developed countries have more recalls than in China.