本文基于创造学和心理学的视角，以物理学领域的194位诺贝尔获奖者、375位中科院院士和291位工程院院士为研究对象，探讨原始性创新驱动因素与创新绩效的相关性。研究表明：良好的成长环境有利于原创人才的创新人格、创造性思维和创新技法的形成，从而有效提高原始性创新的绩效。创新人格对创造性思维具有显著影响，而创新思维对创新技法具有显著影响。创造性思维在创新人格和原始性创新绩效之间具有部分中介作用，创新技法在创造性思维和原始性创新绩效之间具有部分中介作用，而创新人格、创造性思维、创新技法在成长环境和原始性创新绩效之间具有完全中介作用。政策制度环境正向调节创新人格、创造性思维和创新技法对原始性创新绩效的影响等。与我国两院院士相比，诺贝尔获奖者在创造性思维、创新技法等方面存在优势。

Using 194 Nobel Prize winners, 375 academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and 291 of Chinese Academy of Engineering as research objects, this paper discusses the relations between original innovation driving factors and innovation performance from perspective of creativity research and psychology. The study indicates that better growth environment leads to the formation of innovative personality, creative thinking and innovative techniques, and the improvement of original innovative performance. Innovative personality has a significant influence on creative thinking which impacts on innovative techniques. Creative thinking plays intermediary role between innovative personality and the performance of original innovation, so do innovative techniques between creative thinking and the performance of original innovation. These factors completely mediate the growth environment and the performance of original innovation. Moreover, policy and system environment positively regulate influences between these factors and innovative innovation performance. Compared with academicians in China, Nobel laureates have advantages of creative thinking and innovative techniques.