科研管理

科研管理 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 117-125.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

博后经历对科研人员成长影响的定量研究

徐芳1,周建中1,刘文斌2,李晓轩1   

  1. 1中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所，北京100190；
    2英国肯特大学商学院，英国 CT2 7PE
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-15 修回日期:2015-12-30 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-07-12
  • 基金资助:

    中科院政策所重大突破“科技体制改革若干重大问题研究” 子课题“高层次科技人才的培养与激励机制研究”（201211Z08） 和国家自然科学基金（71201159）。

A quantitative study on the impact of postdoctoral experience to Chinese scientists' career development

Xu Fang1, Zhou Jianzhong1, Liu Wenbin2, Li Xiaoxuan1   

  1. 1. Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; 
    2. Kent Business School, University of Kent, UK CT2 7PE
  • Received:2014-12-15 Revised:2015-12-30 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-07-12

摘要： 本研究首次以中国大陆科研人员为研究对象，选取免疫学和管理科学与工程两个学科领域为案例，采集科研人员的CV（Curriculum Vitae）数据，借助生存分析（Survival Analyses）方法研究不同因素，特别是博士后经历对不同类型学科领域科研人员职业生涯发展的作用与影响。Kaplan-Meier分析表明，对免疫学科而言，有过博士后经历的在进入副教授阶段的生存风险较高，即存活时间较短能较快晋升到副教授阶段，但在进入教授阶段则是相反，生存风险较低即存活时间较长从而延缓其晋升到教授阶段。对管理科学和工程学科而言，有过博士后经历的在进入副教授和教授阶段都是生存风险较低从而延缓其职业生涯的发展。COX比例风险回归分析表明，对免疫学科而言，性别、单位性质、博士毕业国别对其成长有显著影响，对管理科学与工程而言，单位性质以及流动频次对其成长有显著影响。最后本文对研究结果的原因进行了分析和讨论，并提出了下一步研究的设想。

关键词: CV数据, 生存分析, 博士后经历, 职业发展, COX比例风险回归分析

Abstract: This study is interested in the impact of postdoctoral experience to career development of researchers in two disciplines, Immunology and Management Science and Engineering. This is the first time that Chinese researchers are considered for such studies. We collected the CV（Curriculum Vitae） data of samples via the internet and studied the impact of different factors through survival analysis method. Especially we focused on the role of postdoctoral experience on the career development of researcher in different disciplines. Kaplan-Meier analyses indicated that researchers who have the postdoctoral experience have higher risk on getting the position of associate professor in the Immunology discipline, indicating a shorter time from assistant professor to associate professor. However, opposite results are discovered in Management Science and Engineering discipline. In additional, COX proportional hazard analyses indicated that these factors such as gender, institution, and country of doctor degree are significance to the career development in the Immunology discipline. In the Management Science and Engineer discipline, other factors such as the reputation of institution and mobility are significance to the career development. Lastly, we analyzed and discussed probable reasons for such phenomena.

Key words: CV data, survival analysis, postdoctoral experience, career development, COX proportional hazard analysis