近年来，专利诉讼的数量持续快速增长，深刻影响着技术创新和产业竞争的格局。选取专利诉讼频发的智能手机产业为研究样本，运用社会网络分析方法，研究构建专利诉讼网络，以揭示诉讼主体间复杂的诉讼关系，比较分析诉讼主体的差异；在此基础上，采用层次聚类分析方法，定量分析诉讼主体的关键特征，并对诉讼主体进行类型划分。研究结果表明，诉讼主体在起诉频度、被诉频度和网络位置等方面存在显著差异；据此将诉讼主体分为四种类型，在行业领先企业和追赶企业以外，还存在两类被忽视的诉讼主体，主要为从事专利运营的专业机构，已成为专利诉讼的重要发起者；中国企业对此必须高度警惕，以避免陷入专利诉讼和高额索赔。

Patent litigations have increased rapidly in recent years, which have a profound impact on technology innovation and industry competition. Taking smartphone industry with frequent patent litigations as the research sample, the social network analysis has been employed to construct patent litigation network. The relationships between litigants are revealed and the differences of litigants are compared and analyzed. Then hierarchical cluster analysis has been used to analyze the key features of litigants quantitatively, and the types of litigants are defined. The results reveal that litigants have shown significant differences in the frequency of prosecuting and prosecuted, as well as network location. Accordingly, litigants have been divided into four types. Besides the leading enterprises and catch-up ones, the other two types of litigants have been ignored. They are professional organizations specializing in patent operation and have become important prosecutors. Chinese enterprises should pay great attention to them in order to avoid patent litigations and high compensation.