组织冗余对于创新的影响目前仍然存有争议。一方面,不同类别组织冗余的作用会有所区别,现有研究不加分类分析和验证它们作用的做法值得商榷;另一方面,相关研究很少涉及作用机理的验证,这导致那些关于组织冗余为何有利或者有害的观点仅停留在猜测阶段;第三,大企业组织冗余的作用和小企业的会有区别,而现有研究很少探讨不同规模情境下组织冗余作用的变化。鉴于此,本文以组织行为理论为基础,引入组织搜索(本地搜索和跨界搜索)作为中介变量,试图展现组织冗余对产品创新的作用路径以及企业规模所起的调节作用,并选择江浙皖三省六地科技型企业为样本对所提模型进行验证,对423份有效问卷数据进行多元线性回归分析后发现:一、沉淀冗余和产品创新显著正相关,非沉淀冗余对产品创新的影响并不显著;二、本地搜索和跨界搜索在沉淀冗余和产品创新之间均发挥部分中介效应,非沉淀冗余和产品创新关系不显著,二者间不会有中介变量存在;三、企业规模对沉淀冗余、非沉淀冗余和产品创新之间关系均存在显著的负向调节效应。本文研究结果有助打开组织冗余和产品创新关系的黑箱,为组织冗余存在形式的情境化选择提供重要依据和参考,同时佐证了那些不加分类、笼统分析组织冗余作用的做法是不科学的。
Abstract
There are still some controversies over the effects of organizational slack on innovation nowadays. One side, different organizational slack take different effects,and ingnoring these differences may lead research astray. Another side, seldom research on organizational slack has testified functional mechanisms therein, and arguments about the organizational slack's advantages and disadvantages are still staying in the hypothetical stages. The third side, organizational slack's effects in large enterprises may be different than the effects in small ones, but seldom scholar studies the variation of slack's function among enterprises which have different sizes. Therefore, based on organizational behavior theory, this paper takes the organizational search (includes local search and cross-boundary search) as the mediating variables, and tries to uncover the mechanisms therein of organizational slack on production innovation, and the moderating effects of enterprises' sizes. This paper takes science-based enterprises as the samples, and 423 effective questionnaires have been got through investigations in six cities in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. By multiple linear regression analyzing on the data, this paper confirms that: (1) Absorbed slack has significant positive relationship with product innovation while the unabsorbed one doesn't; (2)Both of local search and cross-border search play partial mediating roles between absorbed slack and product innovation, but don't between unabsorbed slack and product innovation; (3) Relationships between these two kinds of slack and product innovation are both moderated negatively by enterprise's size. Research results about mediating effects in this paper can contribute for uncovering the blackbox between orgaizational slack and product innovation, and the results about the moderating effects of enterprises' size also provide important evidences and references for flexible choice on the existence forms of organizational slack. Moreover, these results also demonstrate that it's unscientific to analysis organizational slack's effects without considering the differences among various classifications and among various contexts.
关键词
组织冗余 /
产品创新 /
组织搜索 /
企业规模
Key words
organizational slack /
product innovation /
organizational search /
enterprise's size
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71102157,2012.01-2014.12;71273109,2013.01-2016.12);安徽省社科规划项目(AHSKY2014D12,2014.09-2016.08)。
