从社会资本视角来看, 创新网络中知识扩散的实质是一种社会交换, 网络中的知识扩散受社会关系网络中个体位势的影响。研究从微观视角切入, 探讨科研网络中的知识主体对其知识扩散的动态影响机制。选取度中心度、Bonacich Power中心度、效率结构洞、中介中心度四种SNA算法, 从知识的多样性、传递路径的非确定性和平行复制三个属性对比各SNA算法所暗含的知识扩散特征, 对科研网络中知识扩散机制提出假设, 选取国内知识管理领域发表于1998-2011年的CSSCI数据, 利用Cox 比例风险模型构建生存分析模型, 研究各SNA算法对该领域知识扩散演化机制的解释程度。研究发现占据“结构洞”位置和度数中心度高的权威个体在知识管理领域知识扩散中发挥最为重要的作用;该领域主要通过团队成员间的平行复制和不同团队间的知识多样化融合来实现知识的扩散与创新。
Abstract
From the social capital perspective, knowledge diffusion in the innovation network is essentially social exchange among inventors. Individuals in scientific networks have a choice in selecting knowledge that is recombined to solve problems or produce new innovations, relying on their interpersonal networks. And this selecting process is influenced by the status of scientists. This research used four social network analysis methods (degree centrality, Bonacich Power, structural holes and betweenness centrality), investigated different knowledge diffusion characteristics (knowledge diversity, random diffusion and parallel duplication) behind those SNA methods, and proposed knowledge diffusion hypothesis in scientific networks. Using CSSCI data span from the years of 1998-2011 in the knowledge management field in China, we examined the temporal relationship between individual status and knowledge diffusion using the COX Proportional Hazards Models. The results showed that individuals occupying boundary spanning positions and having more collaborators played the most important roles in the knowledge diffusion process in this field. And the primary knowledge diffusion in this field was achieved by parallel duplication through team collaboration, and recombination of diversity of knowledge from different scopes or teams.
关键词
科研网络 /
知识扩散 /
生存分析 /
COX模型 /
效率结构洞
Key words
scientific network /
knowledge diffusion /
survival analysis /
cox model /
structural holes efficiency
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基金
国家自然科学基金项目“超网视角下科研网络中知识扩散机理研究”(#71101053,起止时间:2012.01-2014.12);国家自然科学基金项目“社会化媒体环境下电子健康知识挖掘研究”(#71471064,起止时间:2015.01-2018.12);国家自然科学基金项目“面向网络化创新外包的任务-人才在线匹配研究”(#71171131,起止时间:2012.01-2015.12);国家自然科学基金项目“我国电子政务标准的产生机制及采纳扩散机制”(#71103021,起止时间:2012.01-2014.12);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目WN1323006。
