科技计划体系是科技创新体系的重要组成部分, 在实现"创新驱动发展"战略中起到重要作用, 主要发达国家科技计划管理的成功经验值得研究和借鉴。本文通过文献调研、访谈、综述等方法, 对德国科技计划体系进行梳理, 对其管理模式进行研究, 重点分析了德国科技计划的委托管理机制以及项目管理机构的运行, 并进行了案例剖析。最后针对德国不同类型科技计划, 总结分析一级委托、二级委托、集中协调、分散管理四种组织实施模式及其特点, 提出对我国科技计划组织管理的启示建议。
Abstract
The system of S&T programs is an important part of S&T innovation system, and takes significant effects in the realization of "Innovation-driven development" strategy. The developed countries' successful management experiences of S&T programs are worthy of studying and reference. Through literature research, interviews and review methods, this paper summarizes the German S&T program system, studies its managing patterns and commission management mechanisms, and analyses the operation of project management agency by case study. Finally, the paper presents four kinds of organizing patterns in connection with different kinds of S&T programs and proposes suggestions for China's S&T program management.
关键词
德国 /
科技计划 /
体系 /
组织管理模式 /
项目管理机构
Key words
Germany /
S&T programs /
system /
organizing and managing patterns /
project management agency
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 苏竣. 公共科技政策导论[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2014.Su Jun. Public policy for science and technology: An introduction[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2014.
[2] 张宏. 我国科技计划管理的现状、问题和改进[D]. 山东大学硕士论文, 2007.Zhang Hong. Actuality, problems and improvement of Chinese management of technology program[D]. Shandong University Master's Thesis, 2007.
[3] 林平. 德国国家科技计划不对外开放[J]. 全球科技经济瞭望, 2002, 17(11):27.Lin Ping. Germany Science & Technology programs do not Open[J]. Global Science, Technology and Economy Outlook, 2002, 17(11):27.
[4] 黄群. 德国科研计划的编制和实施[J]. 科学对社会的影响, 2003(4):5-9.Huang Qun. Formation and implementation of German research programs [J]. Impact of Science on Society, 2003(4):5-9.
[5] 潘慧. 部分发达国家科技计划管理经验对我国的启示[J]. 广东科技, 2011, 11(21):91-93.Pan Hui. Some developed countries' S&T program management experiences and its Enlightenment to China [J]. Guangdong Science and Technology, 2011, 11(21):91-93.
[6] 赵志全, 周洪伟. 部分发达国家科技计划和项目管理初探[J]. 中国高新技术企业, 2011, 11(31):22-23.Zhao Zhiquan, Zhou Hongwei. Analysis on some developed countries' S&T programs and projects [J].China High-Tech Enterprises, 2011, 11(31): 22-23.
[7] 周文泳, 胡璟璟, 杜明.发达国家的科技计划评估模式与经验借鉴[J]. 郑州航空工业管理学院学报, 2011, 29(6):10-13.Zhou Wenyong, Hu Jingjing, Du Ming.Study on the pattern of S&T program evaluation in developed countries and it's reference to China[J]. Journal of Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Mangement, 2011, 29(6):10-13.
[8] 陈乐生. 德国科学评估经验及其对中国科技评估实践的启示[J]. 科研管理, 2008, 29(4):185-189.Chen Lesheng. German scientific evaluation experience and it's enlightenment for Chinese practice of scientific and technical assesment[J]. Science Research Management, 2008, 29(4):185-189.
[9] 吴建国. 德国国立科研机构经费配置管理模式研究[J]. 科研管理, 2009, 30(5):117-123.Wu Jianguo. Study on the allocation and management mode of expenditure for Germany national scientific research institutions [J]. Science Research Management, 2009, 30(5):117-123.
[10] 赵铮, 顾新. 发达国家科技计划管理及其对我国的启示[J].科技管理研究, 2008(12):72-74.Zhao Zheng, Gu Xin. Developed countries' S&T program management and its enlightenment to China [J]. Science and Technology Management Research, 2008(12): 72-74.
[11] 赵凤, 陈泰. 国内外科技计划组织管理模式经验及对安徽的启示[J].中国科技信息, 2012(8):259-260.Zhao Feng, Chen Tai. China science and technology information, 2012(8): 259-260.
[12] 陈强, 常旭华, 李建昌. 主要发达国家和地区的科技计划开放及其启示[J].经济社会体制比较, 2013(2):236-243.Chen Qiang, Chang Xuhua, Li Jianchang.Plans for opening up science and technology in some developed countries and regions and the lessons they offer[J]. Comparative Economic & Social Systems, 2013(2):236-243.
[13] 白春礼. 世界主要国立科研机构概况[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2013.Bai Chunli. A profile of the world's major national scientific research institutions[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2013.
[14] 中华人民共和国科学技术部. 德国2020高科技战略简介[EB/OL]. http://www.most.gov.cn/gnwkjdt/201008/t20100817_78933.htm.[2010-8-18]/[2015-3-12].Ministry of Science and Technolgy of the People's Republic of China. Brief introduction toGerman 2020 High-tech Strategy[EB/OL]. http://www.most.gov.cn/gnwkjdt/201008/t20100817_78933.htm.[2010-8-18]/[2015-3-12].
[15] Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung. Die neue Hightech-Strategie[EB/OL]. http://www.bmbf.de/pub/HTS_Broschure.pdf. [2014-9-3]/[2014-9-4].
[16] Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung. Bundesbericht Forschung und Innovation 2014[EB/OL]. http://www.bmbf.de/pub/BuFI_2014_barrierefrei.pdf. [2014-3-18]/[2014-3-20].
[17] 中华人民共和国财政部.德国财政预算制度及政府间财政关系[EB/OL]. http://www.mof.gov.cn/pub/yusuansi/zhengwuxinxi/guojijiejian/200810/t20081020_82834.html.[2013-11-19].Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China. German government budget systemand the relationship between federal government and state governments[EB/OL]. http://www.mof.gov.cn/pub/yusuansi/zhengwuxinxi/guojijiejian/200810/t20081020_82834.html.[2013-11-19].
[18] DLR.Der Projekttrger im DLR[EB/OL]. http://www.dlr.de/pt/desktopdefault.aspx/tabid-4270/6848_read-6936/.[2014-10-21].
[19] 冯身洪, 刘瑞同.国家科技重大专项的创新特征分析与协同创新体系构建[J]. 全球科技经济瞭望, 2014, 29(8):40.Feng Shenhong, Liu Ruitong. Analysis on innovation characteristic of the National S&T Major Projects and construction of the collaborative innovation system[J].Global Science, Technology and Economy Outlook, 2014, 29(8): 40.
