基于集群企业的有限理性, 采用两种不同的价格调整机制Navie和GD, 在企业集群中构建起具集群溢出的双寡头Bertrand竞争博弈模型, 分析了集群溢出对离散动态系统下价格均衡的影响, 并进行了数值模拟。研究表明:一是集群内寡头企业产品价格的动态演化依赖于离散系统参数的取值, 混沌或分岔状态下价格初始取值的细微差别可能导致演化结果的较大差异;二是提高集群溢出有利于维持有限理性寡头企业产品价格的稳定以及预防混沌市场的出现, 增加博弈达到Nash均衡的可能性。
Abstract
Based on the bounded rationality of cluster enterprises, this paper constructs a duopoly Bertrand game model in enterprise cluster with cluster spillovers features, by adopting two different adjustment mechanisms, Navie and GD, this paper also analyzes and discusses the effect of cluster spillovers on equilibrium prices under the discrete dynamical system, and finally carry through the numerical simulation. This research shows that: the evolution track of product prices depends on the values of discrete system parameters, which means the nuances of the initial value in the chaos or bifurcate state can lead to remarkable difference of evolution results; furthermore, increasing cluster spillovers contributes to stabilizing the product prices of the bounded enterprises, preventing the emergence of chaos market and improving the probability to reach Nash Equilibrium..
关键词
Bertrand竞争 /
集群溢出 /
企业集群 /
调整机制
Key words
bertrand competition /
cluster spillovers /
enterprise cluster /
adjustment mechanism
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Bertrand J.Revue de la théorie de la recherche sociale et des recherches sur les principes math'ematiques de la the matiques de la th'eorie des richesses [J].J des Savants,1883,499-508.
[2] Bischi GI,Lamantia F.Nonlinear duopoly games with positive cost externalities due to spillover effects [J].Chaos,Solitons and Fractals,2002,13(4):701-721.
[3] Kopel M.Simple and complex adjustment dynamics in cournot duopoly models [J].Chaos,Solitons and Fractals,1996,7(12):2031–2048.
[4] E.M.Elabbasy,H.N.Agiza,A.A.Elsadany.Analysis of nonlinear triopoly game with heterogeneous players [J].Computers and Mathematics with Applications,2009,57(3):488-499.
[5] H.N.Agiza,A.A.Elsadany.Chaotic dynamics in nonlinear duopoly game with heterogeneous players [J].Computers and Mathematics with Applications,2004,149(3):843-860.
[6] 易余胤,盛昭瀚,肖条军.具溢出效应的有限理性双寡头博弈的动态演化[J].系统工程学报,2004,19(3):245-250.Yi Yuyin,Sheng Zhaohan,Xiao Tiaojun.Dynamics of duopoly model with bounded rationality and spillover effect [J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2004,19(3):245-250.
[7] 易余胤,盛昭瀚,肖条军.不同行为规则下的Cournot 竞争的演化博弈分析[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(3):125-129. Yi Yuyin,Sheng Zhaohan,Xiao Tiao-jun.Evolutionary game analysisof cournot competition with different behavior rule [J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2004,12(3):125-129.
[8] Bischi GI,Naimzada A.,Sbragia L.Oligopoly games with local monopolistic approximation [J].Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization,2007,62(3):371-388.
[9] A.Naimzada,L.Sbragia,Oligopoly games with nonlinear demand and cost functions:Two boundedly rational adjustment processes [J].Chaos,Solitons and Fractals,2006,29(3):707-722.
[10] 刘莉,钟德强,刘辉,罗定提.异质产品Bertrand 寡头竞争企业分散授权横向兼并效应分析[J].系统工程,2008,26(2):41-46. Liu Li,Zhong Deqiang,Liu Hui,Luo Dingti.Horizontal mergers of firms with decentralized delegation indifferentiated Bertrand oligopoly [J].Systems Engineering,2008,26(2):41-46.
[11] 谭德庆,刘光中.不完全信息多维Bertrand 模型及其分析[J].中国管理科学,2004,2(1):85-88.Tan Deqing,Liu Guangzhong.Multidimensional bertrand model with incomplete information and its analysis [J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2004,2(3):85-88.
[12] 赵德余,顾海英,刘晨.双寡头垄断市场的价格竞争与产品差异化策略——一个博弈论模型及其扩展[J].管理科学学报,2006,9(5):1-7.Zhao Deyu,Gu Haiying,Liu Chen.Price competition and strategy of product differential location:Game theory and its extension [J].Journal of Management Sciences in China,2006,9(5):1-7.
[13] 杨广青,蒋录全,王浣尘,陈明义.Bertrand 竞争下融资策略与产品差异化策略的博弈分析[J].中国管理科学,2006,14(4):88-94.Yang Guangqing,Jiang Luquan,Wang Huanchen,CHEN Ming-yi.The game analysis on financing strategy and product differentiation strategy in the frame of bertrand competition [J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2006,14(4):88-94.
[14] 卢亚丽.主从型Bertrand 价格博弈模型及其动力学分析[J].系统工程,2012,30(2):91-94.Lu Yali.Analyze on the model and dynamics of a master-slave bertrand price game [J].Systems Engineering,2012,30(2):91-94.
[15] Gravelle H,Rees R.Microeconomics [M].Harlow:Longman,1992.
[16] Zhang,J.,Da,Q.,Wang,Y..The dynamics of Bertrand model with bounded rationality [J].Chaos, Solitons & Fractals,2009,39(5):2048-2055.
[17] Baogui Xin,Tong Chen.On a master-slave bertrand game model [J].Economic Modelling,2011,28(4):1864-1870.
[18] Marinao N,Pilar Q..Absorptive capacity,technological opportunity,knowledge spillovers and innovation effect [J].Technovation,2005,25(10):1141-1157.
基金
重庆市决策咨询与管理创新计划重点项目《产业集群协作研究—面向重庆实践的方案》(cstc2013jccxB0021)。
