本文在前人研究的基础上分析了技术多样化与技术收敛的关系，认为技术收敛表现为技术的逆-多样化发展，并指出技术创新是技术多样化与技术收敛不断交替的过程。 在此基础上，本文提出了一种分析技术收敛的实证方法-网络图形分析法，并结合已有的实证方法分别从不同的角度分析了我国高新技术领域的技术多样化与技术收敛特征。在技术多样化层面，从技术领域的多样化角度看，其多样化排序为：ICT>燃料电池>核能源技术>生物技术>环境相关技术。从技术用途的多样化角度看，其多样化排序为：生物技术>燃料电池>环境相关技术>ICT>核能源技术；在技术收敛层面，我国高新技术资源不存在σ绝对技术收敛，但存在β绝对技术收敛，且以2.4%的速度逐步趋向稳态水平。在技术资源的跨产业收敛方面：H05K在ICT领域、A61P和C07H在生物技术领域、B32B、H02J、C02F和C07C在燃料电池领域出现了产业间的技术收敛现象。
Abstract
On the basis of previous studies, this paper analyzes the relationship between technological diversification and technological convergence, arguing that technological convergence is a performance of inverse technological diversification, and pointing out that technological innovation is the alternating process of technological diversification and technological convergence. On this basis, the paper presents an empirical method of technological convergence analysis, and combines with the existing methods by analyzing the characteristics of technological diversification and inter-industrial technological convergence in Chinese high-tech areas from different perspectives. From the perspective of technological areas, the order of diversification from high to low is ICT technology, fuel cell technology, nuclear energy technology, biotechnology and environment-related technology. From another perspective of purpose of technology, the order of diversification is biotechnology, fuel cells technology, environment related technologies, ICT technology and nuclear energy technologies. In technological convergence analysis, Chinese high-tech technologies do not have the σ technological convergence, but have β technological convergence, the speed towards the steady-state level is 2.4%. In the analysis of inter-industrial technological convergence, H05K in ICT field, A61P and C07H in biotechnology field, B32B, H02J, C02F and C07C in fuel cell field demonstrate inter-industrial convergence phenomenon.
关键词
技术多样化 /
技术收敛 /
高新技术
Key words
technological diversification /
technological convergence /
high-tech
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基金
国家社科基金项目，新兴技术未来分析理论方法与产业创新研究（项目编号：11AZD078）。
