考虑电子商务环境下网络销售潜在的波动性和物流服务特点，引入额外供应成本分担因素，对在线零售商和物流提供商的配送能力建立博弈模型，分别讨论双方在非合作和合作情形下的均衡解及其与相关参数的关系。分析论证在完全独立决策下，在线零售商不会分担物流提供商的额外供应成本；在Stackelberg博弈下，在线零售商的收益要大于完全独立决策的情形，而物流提供商的收益需要满足一定的条件才有改进；在合作博弈下，供应链的整体收益最大，并且存在具有Pareto改进的均衡解。
Abstract
Considering the volatility of network selling and the characteristics of logistic service in E-commerce environments, a game model about distribution capability consisted of one online retailer and one logistics provider was established by introducing additional cost sharing factor. The paper discussed the equilibrium solution and its relationship with related parameters in the case of non-cooperation and cooperation respectively. The analysis and argumentation showed that the online retailer would not share the additional cost of logistics providers in a completely independent decision-making. Then, in the Stackelberg game, the online retailer earned more, but the profit of logistics provider was improved based on certain conditions. Furthermore, the best overall revenue of supply chain was achieved in the cooperative game, and the equilibrium with Pareto improvement solution was proved by regulating the extra cost sharing proportion.
关键词
电子商务 /
物流配送 /
Stackelberg博弈 /
合作博弈
Key words
e-business /
logistics distribution /
stackelberg game /
cooperative game
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Swaminathan J M, Tayur S R. Models for supply chains in e-business [J]. Management Science, 2003, 49 (10): 1387-1406.
[2] Boyer K K, Hult G T M. Extending the supply chain: integrating operations and marketing in the online grocery industry [J]. Journal of Operations Management, 2005, 23(6): 642-661.
[3] 卞文良,鞠颂东,徐杰,丁静之.在线B2C顾客物流服务感知及相关因素的实证研究[J]. 管理工程学报,2011,25(2):14-20. [BIAN Wenliang, JU Songdong, XU Jie,DING Jingzhi. An empirical research on online B2C customer perceptions of logistics services and related factors[J]. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2011, 25(2): 14-20.]
[4] Alp O, Erkip N K, G ll R. Outsourcing logistics: designing transportation contracts between a manufacturer and a transporter [J]. Transportation Science, 37(1): 23-39.
[5] 赵泉午,张钦红,卜祥智. 不对称信息下基于物流服务质量的供应链协调运作研究[J]. 管理工程学报,2008,22(1):58-61. [ZHAO Quanwu, ZHANG Qinhong, BU Xiangzhi. Study on supply chain coordination based on logistics service quality with asymmetric information [J]. Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, 2008, 22(1): 58-61.]
[6] 张旭梅,金亮,宋寒,等.制造商监督下的第三方物流集配中心服务契约[J]. 计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(12):2736-2741. [ZHANG Xumei, JIN Liang, SONG Han, et al. Outsourcing contract with third-party logistics distribution center under manufacturer's supervision [J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2010, 16(12): 2736-2741.]
[7] 吴庆,但斌. 物流服务水平影响市场需求变化的TPL协调合同[J]. 管理科学学报,2008,1(5):64-75. [WU Qing, DAN Bin. Third party logistics coordinating contracts with logistics service dependent market demand [J]. Journal of Management Sciences in China, 2008, 1(5): 64-75.]
[8] 田宇. 面向信息甄别的物流外包合同设计研究[J]. 工业工程与管理,2005,10(5):61-63. [TIAN Yu. Logistics outsourcing contract model oriented to info-screening [J]. Industrial Engineering and Management, 2005, 10(5): 61-63.]
[9] Lenga M, Parlar M. Game-theoretic analyses of decentralized assembly supply chains: Non-cooperative equilibria vs. coordination with cost-sharing contracts [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2010, 204(1): 96-104.
[10] 张汉江,李娜,李立. 考虑促销效果不确定的供应链促销费用分摊模型[J]. 系统工程,2011,29(7):49-53. [ZHANG Hanjiang, LI Na, LI Li. Cost-sharing modeling of supply chain considering the uncertain effect of sales promotion [J]. Systems Engineering, 2011, 29(7): 49-53.]
[11] 黄焜,马士华,冷凯君,等. 订单不确定条件下的供应链协同决策研究[J]. 中国管理科学,2011,19(1):62-68. [HUANG Kun, MA Shihua, LENG Kaijun, et al. Supply chain coordinated eecision with the uncertainty in the soft order [J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2011, 19(1): 62-68.]
[12] 胡本勇,彭其渊. 基于广告一研发的供应链合作博弈分析[J]. 管理科学学报,2008,11(2):61-70. [HU Benyong, PENG Qiyuan. Game analysis on cooperation based on R&D-advertisement in supply chain [J]. Journal of Management Sciences in China, 2008, 11(2): 61-70.]
[13] Basar T, Olsder J. Dynamic noncooperative game theory [M]. New York: Academic Press, 1982, 249-304.
[14] Rubinstein A. Perfect equilibrium in a bargaining model[J]. Econometrica, 1982, 50(1): 97-109.
基金
国家自然科学基金-国际（地区）合作交流项目：电子商务环境下的快速物流系统研究（71110107024），起止时间：2012.01-2016.12；国家自然科学基金项目：具有网络效应特征的新产品协同扩散研究（71171182），起止时间：2012.01-2015.12。
