将有研发和无研发企业分别作为处理组和控制组,利用倾向得分匹配法(PSM)考察了R&D行为对企业生产率的影响,发现有研发企业的生产率水平比与之相匹配的无研发企业高出21.5%,说明R&D活动能够显著提升全要素生产率。进而,以连续有研发投入的企业为样本检验了R&D强度与生产率的关系,得到研发强度以0.488%为临界值与企业生产率呈正U型关系的结论,约99%的工业企业没有达到门槛值的现实说明,应进一步增加R&D投入强度,改善研发投资效率,加大基础研究的比重,发挥R&D投资的创新效应,以促进企业生产率的提升。
Abstract
The industrial firms are divided into the control group with R&D investment and the treatment group without R&D investment, and the propensity score method (PSM) is used to test the effect of R&D activities on productivity. The results show that the productivity of firms with R&D is 21.5% higher than those without R&D, reflecting that R&D can increase the total factor productivity. Then, the sample of industrial firms with R&D inputs in succession is used to test the relationship between R&D intensity and productivity. The conclusion is drawn that there is a U-shape relation between R&D intensity and productivity with a critical value of 0.488%. About 99% industrial firms' R&D investment is below the threshold value impeding the increasing of productivity. It indicates that the firms should increase R&D investment, improve the R&D efficiency, enhance the proportion of basic research, and develop the innovation effect of R&D investment, so as to increase the productivity.
关键词
R&D投资 /
生产率 /
倾向得分匹配
Key words
R&D investment /
total factor productivity /
PSM
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基金
国家软科学研究计划项目:产业共生视角下整机带动零部件技术升级的机制与政策研究(2013GXS4D108),2013.9-2015.12;辽宁省教育厅一般研究项目:战略性新兴产业演化模型:技术、需求与制度协同的视角(L2013039),2013.8-2016.12。
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