考虑到二氧化碳排放国之间普遍存在的生产技术的异质性，本文利用共同前沿和非径向DEA方法提出了一种新的二氧化碳排放绩效评价指标，并实现了对二氧化碳排放绩效损失来源的分解。对58个国家和地区1995-2007年二氧化碳排放绩效及其损失状况的实证研究表明：以共同前沿为评价基准时各国各地区的二氧化碳排放绩效均不大于以组别前沿为参照时的情形，但显示了最佳生产技术条件了最大的绩效改善潜力；欧洲二氧化碳排放的绩效表现好于美洲和亚洲，同时，亚洲、欧洲和美洲的技术差距比呈现不同走势；生产技术差距和管理无效都是导致二氧化碳排放绩效损失的来源，并在总体上显示出后者明显高于前者的特征；尽管二氧化碳排放绩效在整体上已有所改善，但在现有的投入约束下潜在的二氧化碳强度约是实际数值的一半，减排任务依然艰巨。
Abstract
Considering the heterogeneity of production technology, this paper proposes a new CO2 emission performance index with meta-frontier and non-radial DEA. The performance lose is also decomposed theoretically. Based on this, the CO2 emission performance in 58 emitters worldwide is measured for the 1995-2007 period. The conclusion includes:(1) The CO2 emission performance is less, when meta-frontier is used as the basis, than that of group frontier. However, it can indicate the most potential to improve performance under the best technology. (2)The average CO2 emission performance of European is better than America and Europe. Technology gap ratio in Asia, Europe and America demonstrate three different trends. (3) Technology gap and ineffective management both result in loss of CO2 emission performance. However, the latter one is obviously higher than the former one on the whole. (4)Though CO2 emission performance has been improved slowly, the potential carbon intensity is only the half of the actual, thus the task of emission reduction is still huge.
关键词
二氧化碳 /
绩效分解 /
生产技术 /
共同前沿函数
Key words
carbon dioxide /
performance decomposition /
production technology /
meta-frontier
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基金
国家自然科学基金（71203151，71273005）；中国博士后基金（2012M510139，2013T60561）；江苏省社科基金（12GLC008）；教育部博士点基金（20123218110028）；江苏省高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目（2010JDXM012）。
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