企业创新文化、战略能力对创业导向的影响研究

科研管理 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 107-113.

企业创新文化、战略能力对创业导向的影响研究

胡赛全¹, 詹正茂², 钱悦¹, 刘茜¹

1. 清华大学经济管理学院, 北京 100083;
2. 中国科学学与科技政策研究会, 北京 100190

收稿日期:2013-07-22 修回日期:2014-04-05 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-10-23
作者简介:胡赛全（1985-），男（汉），湖南湘阴人，清华大学经济管理学院博士生，研究方向：创新政策。
詹正茂（1977-），男（汉），湖北黄陂人，中国科学学与科技政策研究会研究员，研究方向：创新政策。
钱悦（1991-），女（汉），甘肃张掖人，清华大学经济管理学院博士生，研究方向：零售战略。
刘茜（1972-），女（汉），辽宁营口人，清华大学经济管理学院副教授，研究方向：营销管理。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目：新制度主义视角下的企业社会责任行为：多分析层面的研究（71172006），起止时间：2012-01-2015-12。

The effect of firm’s innovative culture and strategic capability on entrepreneurial orientation

Hu Saiquan¹, Zhan Zhengmao², Qian Yue¹, Liu Xi¹

1. School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Chinese Association for Science for Science and S&T Policy, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2013-07-22 Revised:2014-04-05 Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-10-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 创业导向是企业在激烈竞争环境中能否持续创新、承担风险、采取超前行动并积极参与竞争的综合体现。本文认为创业导向的产生与企业创新文化和战略能力有关。通过对国内127家企业的问卷调查后发现：企业创新文化和战略能力能直接影响创业导向，原因是创新文化强调企业应有更强的创新意愿和更开放的创新态度，这能促使企业获得更多具有创新性的信息和想法，并愿意承担更多风险；而战略能力强调企业外部环境信息的收集和内部信息的沟通，这能提升企业的信息质量，有利于企业实现超前行动和增强积极竞争的信心。此外还发现，创新文化还能通过战略能力间接影响企业创业导向，即战略能力是创新文化和创业导向的中介变量。

关键词: 创业导向, 创新文化, 战略能力

Abstract: The entrepreneurial orientation is a comprehensive reflection of the enterprises whether they are willing to keep innovation, take risks and take pre-actions. In this paper, we discovered the emergence of entrepreneurial orientation is related to the innovative culture and strategic capability. By analyzing the data coming from 117 domestic enterprises and utilizing multiple regression analysis, this paper found out that innovative culture and strategic capability may influence directly entrepreneurial orientation for the reason that innovative culture emphasizes the stronger willingness to innovate and to open, that is, it isinnovative culture that promotes more innovative information, ideas and risk-taking. On the other hand, strategic capability emphasizes collecting external information and strengthening internal communication, which is beneficial to realizing pre-acting and enhancing the confidence of positive competition. In addition, it was also found out that innovative culture may impact indirectly the enterprises' entrepreneurial orientation through strategic capability, which is a mediating variable between innovative culture and entrepreneurial orientation.

Key words: entrepreneurial orientation, innovative culture, strategic capability

中图分类号:

F273.1

胡赛全, 詹正茂, 钱悦, 刘茜. 企业创新文化、战略能力对创业导向的影响研究[J]. 科研管理, 2014, 35(10): 107-113.

Hu Saiquan, Zhan Zhengmao, Qian Yue, Liu Xi. The effect of firm’s innovative culture and strategic capability on entrepreneurial orientation[J]. Science Research Management, 2014, 35(10): 107-113.

参考文献

[1] 凌永涛,黎赔肆. 创业导向的研究视角综述[J].金融经济(理论版),2010(11):76-77. [2] Miller D, Friesen P H. Strategy‐making and environment: The third link [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1983, 4(3): 221-235. [3] Khandwalla P N. Some top management styles, their context and performance [J]. Organization and Administrative Sciences, 1976, 7(4): 21-51. [4] Lumpkin G T, Dess G G. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance [J]. Academy of management Review, 1996, 21(1): 135-172. [5] 王重鸣,夏霖,阳浙江等. 基于战略视角的创业导向研究[J].技术经济, 2006,25(8):1-2. [6] 梁巧转,张晶,孟瑶等. 创业导向研究综述[J].研究与发展管理, 2009,21(4):28-36. [7] 易朝辉. 资源整合能力、创业导向与创业绩效的关系研究[J].科学学研究, 2010,28(5):757-762. [8] 易朝辉. 组织创业气氛、创业导向与创业企业绩效研究[J].管理学报, 2012,9(10):1484-1489. [9] Hurt H T, Joseph K, Cook C D. Scales for the measurement of innovativeness [J]. Human Communication Research, 1977, 4(1): 58-65. [10] Chadwick, K., Barnett, T., & Dwyer, S. Entrepreneurial orientation, organizational culture, and firm performance: An empirical study in the banking industry [J]. Journal of Advanced Management and Entrepreneurship, 2001, 6 (3), 3-17. [11] Al-Swidi, A. K., & Mahmood, R. How does organizational culture shape the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and the organizational performance of banks? [J]. European Journal of Social Sciences, 2011, 20(1), 28-46. [12] Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., & Weaver, K. M. Cultural influences on entrepreneurial orientation: The impact of national culture on risk taking and pro activeness in SMEs [J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2010, 34(5), 959-983. [13] Shepherd, D. A., Patzelt, H., & Haynie, J. M.. Entrepreneurial spirals: Deviation-amplifying loops of an entrepreneurial mindset and organizational culture [J]. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 2010, 34(1), 59-82. [14] Fayolle, A., Basso, O., & Bouchard, V. Three levels of culture and firms' entrepreneurial orientation: A research agenda [J]. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 2010, 22(7-8), 707-730. [15] Lenz, Robert T. Strategic capability: A concept and framework for analysis [J]. Academy of Management Review, 1980: 225-234. [16] Prahalad, C. K. Developing strategic capability: An agenda for top management [J]. Human Resource Management, 1983,22(3): 237-254. [17] Jantunen, Ari, et al. Entrepreneurial orientation, dynamic capabilities and international performance [J].Journal of International Entrepreneurship ,2005,3(3): 223-243. [18] Anderson, Brian S., Jeffrey G. Covin, and Dennis P. Slevin. Understanding the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and strategic learning capability: An empirical investigation [J]. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 2009,3(3): 218-240. [19] Garcia-Morales, Victor J., Antonia Ruiz Moreno, and Francisco Javier Llorens-Montes. Strategic capabilities and their effects on performance: Entrepreneurial, learning, innovator and problematic SMEs [J]. International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development, 2006,3(3): 191-211. [20] Lee, Sang M., Seong-bae Lim, and Raghuvar D. Pathak. Culture and entrepreneurial orientation: A multi-country study [J]. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2011, 7(1): 1-15. [21] DA Dillman, Mail and internet surveys: The tailored design method [M]. NewYork: John wiley＆Sons,2000. [22] Lambert D M, Harrington T C. Measuring nonresponse bias in customer service mail surveys [J]. Journal of Business Logistics, 1990, 11(2): 5-25. [23] 谢洪明,王成,葛志良.核心能力:组织文化和组织学习的作用[J],南开管理评论,2006,9(4):104-110. [24] Nunnally J C.Psychometric Theory, 2ed [M]. N.Y: McGraw-Hill,1978.122-123. [25] Hair J F, Anderson R E, Tatham R L, et al. Multivariate data analysis, 5th [M]. NY: Prentice Hall International, 1998. [26] Fornell C, Lacker D F. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error [J]. Journal of marketing research, 1981,18(1): 39-50.