在我国迅速增长的专利申请数量中，企业扮演着举足轻重的角色。企业出于哪些目的而进行专利申请，其主要影响因素何在，引起了理论与实践界的广泛关注。国际经验表明，企业申请专利的动机正不断超出通过垄断保护获取市场收益的传统目的，大量专利申请出于非实施专利因素考量。本文利用国家知识产权局年度开展的中国专利调查数据，考察了中国企业近年专利申请中非实施动机的具体情况，并采用计量分析方法探讨了其影响因素。研究结果表明，中国企业开始呈现多样化的非实施申请特征，"进入专利池与标准"、"塑造企业形象"、"用于交叉许可"等特点与国际发展趋同。而现阶段在中国，企业规模、知识产权组合利用能力、知识产权工作成熟度、外部政策等因素对企业非实施申请动机具有显著影响。
Abstract
China is experiencing a boom in patent application, in which enterprises play an important role. For what purpose are the enterprises conducting patent application, and what are the main factors which caused widespread concern in the theory and practice circles? International experiences show that companies are constantly motivated by what is beyond the traditional purpose for which patent monopoly may protect the market revenue, and that a large number of patent applications are considered out of the non-implementation factors. To throw lights on the Chinese enterprises behaviors, this paper makes an empirical study by use of quantitative analysis methods on the above issues based on the data from China's National Patent Survey organized by State Intellectual Property Office. The results show that Chinese enterprises start to show a variety of non-implementation application features, and that the "entry into the patent pool and standards", the "shaping of the corporate image", the "uses for cross-licensing" and other features converge with international development. At the present stage in China, the enterprises' size, their ability to use intellectual property portfolio, the intellectual property maturity, external policy and other factors have a significant impact on the non-implementation of enterprises' applications motivation.
关键词
企业专利战略 /
专利申请动机 /
专利调查 /
实证研究
Key words
Patent strategy /
patent application motives /
patent survey /
empirical analysis
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基金
本文获得国家知识产权局年度开展的中国专利调查项目资助，软课题项目编号：SS-13-B-15。
