创业策略对组织绩效的影响：中介作用的分析

科研管理 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 98-105.

创业策略对组织绩效的影响：中介作用的分析

田晓明^1,3, 蒋丽^2,3, 蒋勤峰⁴

1. 苏州大学心理学系, 江苏苏州 215123;
2. 苏州大学东吴商学院, 江苏苏州 215021;
3. 苏州大学苏南发展研究院, 江苏苏州 215006;
4. 上海交通大学管理学院, 上海 200030

收稿日期:2011-11-07 修回日期:2012-09-03 出版日期:2013-08-27 发布日期:2013-08-15
作者简介:田晓明(1964-09),男(汉),江苏如皋人,苏州大学教授,博导,研究方向为组织行为。
蒋丽(1983-02),女(汉),江苏扬州人,苏州大学讲师,研究方向为组织行为。
蒋勤峰(1979-10),男(汉),江苏宜兴人,上海交通大学博士后,研究方向为企业管理。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71073108);教育部人文社科规划项目(08JA630054)。

The impact of entrepreneurial strategies on organizational performance：An analysis of mediation effect

Tian Xiaoming^1,3, Jiang Li^2,3, Jiang Qinfeng⁴

1. Department of Psychology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
2. School of Business, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China;
3. Institute of the Development of Southern Jiangsu, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China;
4. School of Management, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China

Received:2011-11-07 Revised:2012-09-03 Online:2013-08-27 Published:2013-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以往研究表明创业策略对组织绩效有积极作用,但其发挥作用的机制却并不明确。本文采用实证方法探讨创业策略和组织绩效之间的中介因素:经营能力和社会交往。对361家企业的问卷调查结果发现,创业策略对组织绩效有显著的正向影响;其中经营能力在竞争策略和组织绩效间起中介作用,社会交往在社区策略和组织绩效间起中介作用。本研究有助于理解创业策略对组织绩效产生作用的中间过程,研究结论能够为创业实践提供有意义的参考。

关键词: 创业策略, 经营能力, 中介作用

Abstract: Previous research suggested that entrepreneurial strategies have a positive role in improving the organizational performance, but the mechanism for the role is not clear. This paper adopts the empirical approach to explore the mediating factors on the relationship between entrepreneurial strategies and organizational performance, namely operational capabilities and social communications. The results of a questionnaire survey conducted to 361 companies indicate that entrepreneurial strategies have a positive effect on the organizational performance. Specifically, operational capabilities have a mediating effect on the competitive strategy and the organizational performance whereas social communications have a mediating effect on the community strategy and the organization performance. The present study is helpful to our understanding of the process of the effects of the entrepreneurial strategies on the organizational performance and the study results will provide a significant reference for the entrepreneurial practices.

Key words: entrepreneurial strategies, operational capabilities, mediating effect

中图分类号:

F270.7

田晓明, 蒋丽, 蒋勤峰. 创业策略对组织绩效的影响：中介作用的分析[J]. 科研管理, 2013, 34(8): 98-105.

Tian Xiaoming, Jiang Li, Jiang Qinfeng. The impact of entrepreneurial strategies on organizational performance：An analysis of mediation effect[J]. Science Research Management, 2013, 34(8): 98-105.

参考文献

[1] Lumpkin G T, Dess G G. Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1996, 21(1):135-172. [2] Ireland R D, Hitt M A, Camp S M, et al. Integrating entrepreneurship and strategic management actions to create firm wealth[J]. Academy of Management Executive, 2001, 15(1):49-63. [3] 郑馨. 创业导向与组织绩效关系的研究述评--从直接关系到调节变量和中介变量的引入[J]. 研究与发展管理, 2008, 20(4):96-100. [4] Zahra S A, George G. Absorptive capacity:A review, reconceptualization, and extension[J]. Academy of Management Review. 2002, 27(2):185-203. [5] 谢洪明,程聪. 企业创业导向促进创业绩效提升了吗?—一项Meta分析的检验[J]. 科学学研究, 2012, 30(7):1082-1091. [6] 胡望斌,张玉利. 新企业创业导向转化为绩效的新企业能力:理论模型与中国实证研究[J]. 南开管理评论, 2011, 14(1):83-95. [7] 张玉利,李乾文. 公司创业导向, 双元能力与组织绩效[J]. 管理科学学报, 2009, 12(1):137-152. [8] Rauch A, Wiklund J, Lumpkin G T, et al. Entrepreneurial orientation and business performance:An assessment of past research and suggestions for the future[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 2009, 33(3):761-787. [9] 胡望斌,张玉利,牛芳. 我国新企业创业导向、动态能力与企业成长关系实证研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2009(4):107-118. [10] Matsuno K, Mentzer J T, ?zsomer A. The effects of entrepreneurial proclivity and market orientation on business performance[J]. Journal of Marketing, 2002, 66(3):18-32. [11] Blesa A, Ripollés M. The role of market orientation in the relationship between entrepreneurial proactiveness and performance[J]. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2003, 12(1):1-19. [12] 严进. 创业导向与绩效之间关系的机制研究[J]. 经济论坛, 2007(16):93-94. [13] Miller D. The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms[J]. Management Science, 1983, 29(7):770-791. [14] Dess G G, Lumpkin G T, Covin J G. Entrepreneurial strategy making and firm performance:Tests of contingency and configurational models[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1997, 18(9):677-695. [15] 蒋勤峰,王重鸣,唐宁玉. 基于因子分析的创业策略之探索性研究[J]. 心理科学, 2007, 30(5):1179-1182. [16] Ireland R D, Hitt M A, Sirmon D G. A model of strategic entrepreneurship:The construct and its dimensions[J]. Journal of Management, 2003, 29(6):963-989. [17] 希尔,琼斯. 战略管理[M]. 中国市场出版社, 2005. [18] Stam W, Elfring T. Entrepreneurial orientation and new venture performance:the moderating role of intra-and extraindustry social capital[J]. Academy of Management Journal, 2008, 51(1):97-111. [19] Wiklund J, Shepherd D. Entrepreneurial orientation and small business performance:a configurational approach[J]. Journal of Business Venturing, 2005, 20(1):71-91. [20] 林枫,徐金发,潘奇. 企业创业导向与组织绩效关系的元分析[J]. 科研管理, 2011, 32(8):74-83. [21] 贺小刚. 企业持续竞争优势的资源观阐释[J]. 南开管理评论, 2002, 5(4):32-37. [22] 苏中兴. 重新审视资源基础理论--以人力资源为例[J]. 经济管理, 2009, 31(7):182-186. [23] 朱秀梅,陈琛,纪玉山. 基于创业导向, 网络化能力和知识资源视角的新创企业竞争优势问题探讨[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2010, 32(5):9-16. [24] Dess G G, Ireland R D, Zahra S A, et al. Emerging issues in corporate entrepreneurship[J]. Journal of Management, 2003, 29(3):351-377. [25] 魏江,焦豪. 创业导向, 组织学习与动态能力关系研究[J]. 外国经济与管理, 2008, 30(2):36-41. [26] Zahra S A, Nielsen A P, Bogner W C. Corporate entrepreneurship, knowledge, and competence development[J]. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 1999, 23(3):169-190. [27] 张骁,王永贵,杨忠. 公司创业精神, 市场营销能力与市场绩效的关系研究[J]. 管理学报, 2009, 6(4):473-477. [28] 曹红军,卢长宝,王以华. 资源异质性如何影响企业绩效:资源管理能力调节效应的检验和分析[J]. 南开管理评论, 2011, 14(4):25-31. [29] 林筠,王翡,胡婷婷. 企业知识管理能力构建路径研究:创业导向与组织因素的视角[J]. 科技管理研究, 2010(7):180-182. [30] 李乾文. 创业导向与企业绩效的转化路径分析[J]. 统计与决策, 2009(1):174-175. [31] Stam W, Elfring T. Entrepreneurial orientation and new venture performance:the mediating effect of network strategies. Atlanta:2006. [32] Jarillo J C. Entrepreneurship and growth:the strategic use of external resources[J]. Journal of Business Venturing, 1989, 4(2):133-147. [33] Lee C, Lee K, Pennings J M. Internal capabilities, external networks, and performance:a study on technology-based ventures[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2001, 22(6-7):615-640. [34] Hansen E L. Entrepreneurial networks and new organization growth[J]. Entrepreneurship:Theory and Practice, 1995, 19(4):7-19. [35] 边燕杰,丘海雄. 企业的社会资本及其功效[J]. 中国社会科学, 2000(2):87-99. [36] Baron R M, Kenny D A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986, 51(6):1173-1182. [37] 张映红. 动态环境对公司创业战略与绩效关系的调节效应研究[J]. 中国工业经济, 2008(1):105-113. [38] 李华晶. 创业环境, 公司创业战略与组织绩效—基于我国大中型企业科技活动的实证分析[J]. 经济管理, 2008, 30(19):44-48.