专利价值分析可以更好地测度创新活动产出和认识创新活动规律。该文构建包含USPTO授权基因工程发明专利特征和专利维持状况的专门数据库,经SAS 9.1.3软件运行logistic回归模型,考察基因工程专利维持的影响因素,揭示生物技术创新活动特点。对1991-1996年间授权的1063项基因工程发明专利的实证研究发现:基因工程专利呈现高维持率特征,61%的专利维持到法定年限,平均维持时间长度为13.65年;logistic模型分析结果表明,基因工程专利维持受到专利所有权人数量(组织间合作)、所有权人规模、被引用情况和内部连续创新活动的显著影响。这些研究认识对技术政策制定和创新战略管理有丰富的借鉴意义。
Abstract
The assessment of patent value plays an important role in measuring innovation outputs and understanding innovative activities. With an aim of the relationship exploration among bio-tech patent renewal, patent value, and influencing factors, a database of genetic engineering patents, which includes characteristics of patent and the owner(s), and the patent renewal data collected from USPTO are retrieved. Based on a logistic regression model and SAS 9.1.3 calculation, the factors which affect the renewal of genetic engineering patent are found and then used to discuss the specific phenomena of bio-tech innovative activities. Through analyzing 1,063 US genetic engineering patents granted during the period of 1991-1996, it is found that genetic engineering patents have high renewal rate, and 61% patents which are mostly owned by large entities are renewed to full time and the average age is 13.65 years. The result of logistic regression shows that the renewal of genetic engineering patents is effectively influenced by the assignee number, the scale of entity, forward citation, and internal sequential innovation. This fact has insightful implication for technology policy-making and innovation strategy management.
关键词
专利维持 /
基因工程专利 /
合作创新 /
内部连续创新
Key words
patent renewal /
genetic engineering patent /
cooperative innovation /
internal sequential innovation
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] Kimberly Moore. Worthless patents [J]. Berkeley Technology Law Journal. 2005, 20(4): 1-43.
[2] James Bessen. The value of US patents by owner and patent characteristics [J]. Research Policy. 2008, 37 (5): 932-945.
[3] Shyh-Jen Wang. Factors to evaluate a patent in addition to citations [J]. Scientometrics. 2007, 71 (3): 509 522.
[4] Petr Hanel. Intellectual property rights business management practices: A survey of the literature [J]. Technovation. 2006, 26 (8): 895-931.
[5] Mark Schankerman, Ariel Pakes. Estimates of the value of patent rights in European countries during the post-1950 period [J]. The Economic Journal. 1986, 96 (38): 1052-1076.
[6] Richard J Sullivan. Estimates of the value of patent rights in Great Britain and Ireland, 1852-1876 [J]. Economica. 1994, 61: 37-58.
[7] Charlotta Gr nqvist. The private value of patents by patent characteristics: evidence from Finland [J]. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 2007, 34 (2):159-168.
[8] Yi Deng. Private value of European patents [J]. European Economic Review. 2007, 51 (7): 1785-1812.
[9] Jonathan A Barney. Study of patent mortality rates: using statistical survival analysis to rate and value patent assets [J]. AIPLA Quarterly Journal. 2002, 30 (3): 317-330.
[10] Dietmar Harhoff, Francis Narin, Frederic Scherer, Katrin Vopel. Citation frequency and the value of patented innovation . CIG Working Papers, number FS IV 97-27. 1997.
[11] Kun Liu, Jonathan Arthurs, John Cullen, Roger Alexander. Internal sequential innovations: How does interrelatedness affect patent renewal? [J]. Research Policy. 2008, 37 (5): 946 953.
[12] Richard Gilbert, Carl Shapiro. Optimal patent length and breadth [J]. Rand Journal of Economics. 1990, 21 (1):106-112.
[13] Ted O'donoghue, Suzanne Scotchmer, Jacques-Fran ois Thisse. Patent breadth, patent life, and the pace of technological progress [J]. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy. 1998, 7 (1): 1-32.
[14] Suzanne Scotchmer. On the optimality of the patent renewal system [J]. Rand Journal of Economics. 1999, 30(2): 181-196.
[15] 高山行,郭华涛. 中国专利权质量估计及分析 [J]. 管理工程学报. 2002, 16(3): 66-68.
[16] 乔永忠,文家春. 国内外发明专利维持状况比较研究[J]. 科学学与科学技术管理.2009(6): 29-32.
[17] 万小丽,朱雪忠. 专利价值的评估指标体系及模糊综合评价[J]. 科研管理. 2008, 29(2):185-191.
[18] 王济川,郭志刚. Logistic回归模型—方法与应用[M]. 高等教育出版社. 2001: 6-11.
[19] Dietmar Harhoff, Frederic Scherer, Katrin Vopel. Exploring the tail of patented invention value distributions . CIG Working Paper, number FS IV 97-27. 1997.
[20] Zvi Griliches. Patent statistics as economic indicators: a survey [J]. Journal of Economic Literature. 1990, 28 (4): 1661-1707.
[21] 栾春娟. 专利文献计量分析与专利发展模式研究 . 大连理工大学. 2008:102-105.
基金
国家自然科学基金软课题项目(L0922102),"国外医学研究基金组织的资助结构与管理模式研究",起止时间:2009-1~2010-12。
PDF(879 KB)
