如何有效利用外部技术资源提升自身技术能力是本土企业一直致力解决的问题。基于过程视角,本文选取外部技术获取模式、转移技术特性、企业特性和技术学习过程四个方面,以苏州制造业本土企业为例进行实证分析。研究发现:在利用外部技术资源过程中,企业的技术战略、学习文化和技术学习过程对提升技术能力起到重要的促进作用,整体上外部技术获取对技术能力的提升作用非常有限。因此本土企业应将重点从外部技术获取转向内部技术学习和自主研发。
Abstract
How to make use of external technology resources to improve its technological capability is the problem that domestic firms are engaged in resolving. From the process perspective, four aspects including the mode of technology acquisition, the imported technology characteristics, the firm characteristics, and the technology learning process are selected to analyze using the Suzhou manufacturing domestic firms as the sample. It is concluded that in the process of external technology acquisition, the firm's technology strategy, the learning culture and the technology learning process are critical for improving the technological capability. In all, external technology acquisition has a limited effect on the improvement of technological capability. Domestic firm's technological focus must turn to internal R&D and technological learning instead of external technology acquisition.
关键词
本土企业 /
技术能力 /
技术溢出 /
技术学习过程
Key words
domestic firm /
technological capability /
technology spillover /
technology learning process
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 路风. 走向自主创新——寻求中国力量的源泉[M]. 桂林:广西师范大学出版社,2006.
[2] Figueiredo, P. N. Learning processes features and technological capability Accumulation: explaining inter-firm differences[J]. Technovation, 22, 2002,685-698.
[3] Hobday, M., Rush, H. Upgrading the technological capabilities of foreign transnational subsidiaries in developing countries: The case of electronics in Thailand [J]. Research policy, 2007. doi: 10.1016/j.respol.2007.05.004.
[4] 魏江. 知识学习与企业技术能力增长[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006.
[5] Westphal, Larry E., Linsu Kim, and Carl J. Dahlman. Reflections on the Republic of Korea's Acquisition of Technological Capability[M]. In Rosenberg and Frischtak International Technology Transfer, 1985,167-221.
[6] Baranson, Jack. Technology transfer through the international firm[J]. American Economic Review, 60(2): 1970, 435-440.
[7] UNCTAD, 2005年世界投资报告:跨国公司与研发活动的国际化 . 中国财政经济出版社.
[8] Linsu Kim. Building technological capability for industrialization: Analytical frameworks and Korea's experience [J]. Industrial and Corporate Change. 1999,8(1):111-136.
[9] Amsden A. H. Asia's next giant: South Korea and late industrialization [M]. Oxford University Press, 1989.
[10] Baskaran, A. Technology accumulation in the ground systems of India's space program: the contribution of foreign and indigenous inputs[J]. Technology in Society, 23, 2001, 195-216.
[11] Bell, M. The Acquisition of imported technology for industrial development: problems of strategies and management in Arab region[M]. Bagdad, ESCWA, 1987.
[12] Contractor,Farlk J. Technology importation policies in developing countries [J], The Journal of Developing Areas, 17,1985, 499-520.
[13] Wie, T. K. The Major channels of international technology transfer to Indonesia: An assessment [J]. Journal of the Asia Pacific Economogy, 10(2): 22, 2005, 214-236.
[14] Meyer, K. E. Perspectives on multinational enterprises in emerging economies [J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 35(4), 2004, 259-276.
[15] 许和连等. 外商直接投资的后向链接溢出效应研究[J]. 管理世界,2007(4):24-31.
[16] 朱华桂. 跨国公司在华子公司技术溢出效应实证研究[J]. 科研管理 2003,24(3):138-144.
[17] United Nations, World Investment Report , United Nations, Geneva, 2001.
[18] 陈清泰. 促进企业自主创新的政策思考[J]. 管理世界,2006(7):1-3.
[19] Kogut, B., & Zander, U. Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation [J]. Journal of International Business Studies, 24(4), 1993,516-529.
[20] Tidd, J., Trewhella, Martin J.. Organizational and technological antecedents for knowledge acquisitions and learning [J], R&D Management, 27(4), 1997, 359-375.
[21] 安同良. 企业技术能力发展论—经济转型过程中中国企业技术能力实证研究[M]. 北京: 人民出版社,2004.
[22] Badaracco, Jr., Joseph L.. Knowledge Link: How Firms Compete Through Strategic Alliances (Hardcover) Harvard Business School Press Books, 转引自 (加)包铭心,陈小悦主编,JIBS文萃——有关资金、技术、实物的跨国境移动[M]. 北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[23] 金麟洙著,刘小梅,刘鸿基译. 从模仿到创新:韩国技术学习的动力[M]. 北京:新华出版社,1998.
[24] Aitken, B. and Harrison, A. Do domestic firms benefit from direct foreign investment? Evidence from Venezuela [J]. American Economic Review. 89, 1999, 605-618.
[25] Ariffin, N. & Figueiredo, P. N. 2001. Technological Capability building and innovation in the electronics industry: evidence from Manaus . Research Program on Technological Learning and Industrial Innovation. 2001(9).
[26] Kale, P. Singh, H.. Building firm capabilities through learning: The role of the alliance learning process in alliance capability and firm-level alliance success [J]. Strategic Management Journal, 28, 2007:981-1000.
[27] 胡隆基. 技术学习机制与累积性技术跨越的关系研究 . 浙江大学博士论文,2005.
[28] Rush, H., Bessant, J., & Hobday, M. Assessing the technological capabilities of firms: developing a policy tool [J]. R&D Management, 37(3), 2007,221-236.
[29] Zahra, S. A., Neubaum, D. O., & Larra?eta, B. Knowledge sharing and technological capabilities: The moderating role of family involvement [J]. Journal of Business Research,60(10), 2007, 1070-1079.
[30] 何洁. 外国直接投资对中国工业部门外溢效应的进一步精确量化[J]. 世界经济,2000(12):29-36.
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目:转型经济下我国企业人力资源管理若干问题研究,项目号:70732002,2008年1月至2011年12月;国家自然科学基金面上项目:企业信息系统采纳后员工的动机因素与使用行为关系研究,项目号:70971081/G011201,2010年1月-2012年12月;广东省自然科学基金项目:中小企业技术能力发展的路径选择及内部机制研究,项目号:9451503101003669,2009年10月-2011年9月;汕头大学文科科研项目:技术获取模式对中国本土企业技术能力发展影响的实证分析,项目号:SR08003,2009年1月-2010年12月。
PDF(917 KB)
