技术效率是决定经济增长的关键要素，而科技环境是影响技术效率的重要因素，研究科技环境对技术效率的影响对于促进经济增长意义重大。本文研究的科技环境因素包括科技人力资源、政府科技投入和高科技产业规模等。运用随机前沿方法，本文对2000-2006年期间全国28个省、自治区和直辖市的技术效率及其科技环境影响因素进行了回归估计。研究结果表明，我国地区之间的技术效率两级分化严重，东部地区各省市的平均技术效率明显高于中西部地区，全国各地区的技术效率随时间的推移大体呈下降趋势，科技人力资源、政府科技投入和高科技产业规模与技术效率损失显著地负相关。根据以上研究结果，本文最后提出了一系列相关的政策建议。

Technical efficiency is one of the key determinants of economic growth, while technological environment is a critical factor affecting technical efficiency. In order to accelerate economic growth, it is important to understand the impact of technological environment on technical efficiency. The elements of technological environment, such as scientific and technological human resource, government expenditure on technology development, and scale of high-tech industry are identified. By using a Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) model, the technical efficiency of 28 provinces(autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government) in China during the period between 2000 and 2006 as well as the impact of technological environment on it are estimated. The empirical result shows that there is a big gap among regions in terms of technical efficiency. The average technical efficiency of eastern region is significantly higher than that of middle and western regions. And the technical efficiency of almost all regions appears to decline over time. Moreover, scientific and technological human resource, government expenditure on technology development, and scale of high-tech industry are negatively correlated with the loss of technical efficiency at a significant level. Based on the above result, policy implications are discussed in the end.