摘要：通过对我国1996—2007年的高技术产业科技能力和我国产业结构优化升级的测度来定量研究二者关系，研究方法包括定性的理论分析和定量的实证研究。研究发现，高技术产业科技能力与产业结构优化升级具有较强的正相关性，并且高技术产业科技能力每提高1%，产业结构优化程度提高0783%。高技术产业科技能力的3个构成要素，即科技创新资源投入及研发能力，科技创新转化和波及能力，科技创新经济支撑能力都与产业结构优化升级有着正相关关系，产业结构的优化升级是各种能力共同提升的结果。

Abstract: Through measuring science and technology capability of high-technology industry and industrial structure optimization from the year of 1996 to 2007, the quantitative relationship of them is studied. The study methodology includes qualitative theoretical analysis and quantitative empirical analysis. It is found that science and technology capability of high-technology industry and industrial structure optimization are positively correlated with each other and the correlation is very high; 1% improvement of science and technology capability of high-technology industry will bring 0.783% improvement of industrial structure optimization. The three components, such as capability of innovation resources input and R&D, capability of innovation transform and pervasion, capability of supporting innovation of science and economic support capability of high-technology industry have a positive correlation with industrial structure optimization. And joint improvement of these three capability will accelerate the industrial structure optimization.