摘要：企业竞争优势来源的最新理论是二十世纪90年代兴起的企业智力资本理论。Nahapiet和Ghoshal从社会资本的角度提出了智力资本形成的理论框架，但并没有学者对其进行验证。本研究完善这一理论框架，提出企业社会资本影响智力资本形成，智力资本促进绩效提升的完整模型，并使用中国企业数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明，在中国情境下，模型假设基本上得以证实，有些和原假设截然相反，这和转型期中国人的心态以及中国企业普遍缺乏交流、信任、共同愿景等现实状况有关。

  Abstract: The enterprise intellectual capital in 1990’s is the latest theory about enterprise competitive sources. Nahapiet and Ghoshal proposed the formation mechanism of intellectual capital from the perspective of enterprise social capital, however, there is no verification that has been done by scholars. Here, a theory framework is refined to research on enterprise intellectual capital formation mechanism from social capital perspective, which will further boost the enterprise performance. An empirical study is made based on statistic data of enterprises in China. The results show that the model assumptions are partly confirmed, and some conclusions and assumptions are totally opposite. These conclusions are relevant to the attitudes of the Chinese in transition economy period and lack of communication, trust and shared vision of Chinese enterprises.